The Bisphosphonate Clodronate Modifying Hydroxyapatite For Bone Scaffold

Reconstructive treatment of the bone defects is a widespread practice. Several kinds of materials can be used in these procedures: autografts, allografts, or implants made out bone bonding biomaterials. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is suitable material for use in bone grafting procedures, provided that some chemical and physical characteristics are designed to fulfill the application requirements.HA has favorable biocompatibility and bioactivity, and leads to local osteogenesis in an osseous site. However, the osteogenic potential of HA appears not adequate for filling the large bone defect. For this reason, there have been tremendous studies to improve the osteogenic property of HA by adding inductive factors or osteoprogenitor cells, such as bone morphogenetic proteins, transforming growth factor, osteoblasts, et al. While the combination of HA and the factor or cell is usually complicated, costly and not suitable for the mass production. Therefore it is valuable to find other ways to avoid these disadvantages.The bisphosphonate clodronate, having a high affinity for HA (calcium ions), is proved to be a potent inhibitor of bone resorption and an effective accelerator of bone regeneration. The inhibition of clodronate to the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts is mediated by the osteoblasts, and virtually accelerates...