The Study Of Human Papillomavirus 16 Vaccine In Heterologous Prime/Boost Strategy

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths among women across the world. It is the most common type of cancer among women in the developing country. Treatment and screening for cervical cancer result in huge burden in economics in these countries. Finding the effective methods to prevent and treat cervical cancer and its precursor is the urgent affair at present. A wealth of epidemiological, biological, pathological, virological and clinical evidence has led to the conclusion that virtually all the cases of cervical cancer, and its precursor intraepithelial lesions, are a result of infection with one or other of a subset of human papillomaviruses (HPVs). To date, more than 200 genotypes of HPV have been identified, of which about 50 genotypes of HPV transmitted by sexual intercourse mainly infect genital tract. There are 11 types of HPV have been regarded as 'high-risk' HPV, among which HPV16 is the most common type. The chronic and persistent infection with high-risk HPVs has been identified as the major cause of cervical cancer and its precursor intraepithelial lesions. There are evidences indicate that the host immune responses, especially the cell-mediated immune responses, are the major factors influencing the formation of HPV-associated lesions. The close association between persistent HPV infection and the HPV-associated diseases has resulted in the expectation that HPV infection can be prevented and treated with HPV vaccine, then to prevent and treat the cervical cancer and its precursor intraepithelial lesions. The prophylactic and therapeutic HPV vaccine has being developed. Prophylactic vaccination strategies have focused on eliciting high titers of neutralizing antibodies to epitopes displayed on papillomaviruses and preventing the primary infection by HPV. In this respect, the virus-like particles (VLPs) targeting the...