A Study On The Origin And Development Of The Theory Of Diagnosis Of Neijing

The theory of diagnosis is an important part of Tradition Chinese Medical theory systems. Neijing theory of diagnosis is an experience medical science accumulate in the long-term medical practice process and a distinctive diagnosis theory by induction and summary and formation.Now, the origin and development research in theory of diagnosis of Nejing is still in initial stage.It exists a word of research space.Therefore, the research on arteries and veins of the origin and development of the etiologicalfactor and etiopathgenesis theory of Neijing have most realitily academic significance through trimming and studying the medical literature and non-medical literature in force-Qing and Han dynasty and correlated substance in Neijing.The topic use chiefly the literature investigative method. Firstly, we were collect and arrang literature information in the aspect on the theory of diagnosis of fore-Qing and arch-Han dynasty. Secondly,we were inducted and trimmed contents relevant to diagnosis theory in Neijing,which analysis its intrinsic relationship.Thirdly,we were compared the contents relevant to diagnosis theory in Neijing to it in fore-Qing and arch-Han dynasty,which hunting its academic origin relationship.In the end,we are systemly trim the thread of thought of the origin and development research in theory of diagnosis of Nejing and analysis its reason simply.In the direction of inspection,from the begin of oracle inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty on tortoiseshells or animal bones,there have multiplicity sporadic record on the antient culture contribution. The inspecte information of fore-Qing and arch-Han dynasty was not formate theory because its scatter,but we could find Neijing face inspection theory source and a miniature form embryo primitive from them.In the aspect of watching vitality,the source of Neijing watching vitality was theorganism obtain or absent vitality appearance in Liezi and Zhuangzi.In the aspect of face subsection,Neijing record two different face subsection methods.First,the face subsection match body entrails was trace back to Shiji-Changgongzhuan.Second,according five orientations five elements position divide face location,its theory was based on the modern writings doctrine of five elements.That was generate later but seniority.In the aspect of diagonosis according to the five complexions,it was mentioned first time diagnose disease method from watching five colours and five kinds of elements and nine orifices in Zhouli-Tianguan. Diagonosis according to the five complexions in Neijing included five viscera five colours diagnose disease method and five elements analogy diagnose disease method.The former contents were near to horse king heap han grave silk book.The part letter was even completely identical.So the method record in Neijing was develop and consummate on the base of horse king heap han grave silk book.The latter was first in Linshu-wuse and Suweng-jutonglun.The five elements is conduct "analogy mesomerism".The diagnose method is similarite nature climatic manifestations of disease connect to five viscera five elements reciprocal entrails pathological change.In the aspect of abnormal visceral colour,the Shiji-changgongzhuan was found a miniature from embryo theory of abnormal visceral colour.Its contents were resemble to Suwen-wuzangshengchengpian.The academic source was common.In the aspect of watching officer hole,the Zhouli-tianguan firstly proposed watch "nine orifices" diagnose disease, horse king heap han grave silk book stated too.The contents in Neijing were increased than in horse king heap han grave silk book,but not academic original opinion.lt was not thoroughly development because watching officer hole in the sprouting condition on Neijing.In the aspect of entirety appearance inspection,the book of Lingshu-Yinyang twenty five person was made constitution divide into five type including wood and fire and earth and gold and water. The theory resource was take back to Huainanzi.lt made five colours and five orientations and five sense organs and five solid organs and five body constituents of the human being hand in hand in Huainanzi.There were summarized the relation of five orientations and five elements and physique and body characteristic and somatotypes natural disposition,which raise divide different somatotypes original model. Similarity,the center of five elements were recapitulated relationship of physique and body feature and constitution type natural disposition. Diversity,Huainanzi was superficial and Linshu-yinyang twenty-five person was cognate far-reaching and treatment overall tooChanggong obtained the inspection monograph on diagnosis according to the five complexions from his instructor Yangqingchu.He teached his students cure books including visceral syndrome-differentiation.However,it had cognitional succession and technically development relationship by once stated its essential points or quoted part of original.The theory and method of inspection were mature establish gradually in Neijing,which settle medical science rationale for later generalations.Fore-Qing and arch-Han dynasty had glossoscopy record,but it was not form integrate theory system in Neijing.Neijing summary glossoscopy erperience and theory were effect to glossoscopy development and expand and succeed and classics pursuant.With respect to nervure diagnose,Zhouli "nine zings counsel movement" was precursor to three regions and nine divisions feel the pulse method or twelve meridians omni-technique of diagnosis.The horse king heap han grave silk cure book was record twelve meridians omni-technique of diagnosis.It introduced to feel the pulse of cunkou pulse in Shiji-changgongzhuan and twelve meridians all over technique of diagnosis and single take cunkou pulse applyment.lt was not appear three regions and their nine subdivisions for pulse-felling and Renying cunkou diagnosis.lt stated each instructor each student.However,each method even record above-mentioned on Neijing was not wrote by one man one period.The method feel the pulse and principle pulse tracings in Neijing was treatment detailed and complete and recognition system and deeply meaningful and flawless.lt explain significance in Neijing conduct theory classical works.From the analysis of academic development rule,nervure diagnose experient from twelve meridians all over technique of diagnosis to three regions and their nine subdivisions for pulse-felling and Renying cunkou diagnosis.At last,it develop to single take cunkou pulse.The procedure is from multiply to simply. The remarkable that four feel pulse methods were by no means one method disappear and another method appear,but many feel pulse methods development alternate gradually.It is worth noting that Neijing raise cunkou diagnosis,but not identify write how to make use of finger strength light and heavy press. Nanjing was inquire unpleasant to Neijing theory,so we could conclude that Neijing single take cunkou pulse was light and heavy press divide five viscera.From Nanjing-sinan,we presumed Neijing single take cunkou pulse was make the heart and lung pulse tracings by floating and the liver and kidney pulse tracings by heavily and the spleen pulse tracings by floating or sunken pulse. The concrete method applyment is presume in Nanjing-Wunan.The bellows is diagnose by the finger strength which lay stress on three Su and match to fur. The cardid kdiagnose by the finger strength which lay stress on six Su and match to blood vessel. The spleen is diagnose by the finger strength which lay stress on nine Su and mattch to muscle. The hepar is diagnose by the finger strength which lay stress on twelve Su and mattch to tendon. The facies renalis is diagnose by keeping his hand on bone and lifing finger kernel. With regard to nervure position up and down,from Nanjing-sannan we presumed that cun bu at ante-guan was Yang and chi bu at meta-guan was Yin and pulse position exceed or insuff was pathosis.The cunkou diagnosis in Neijing is a method feel the pulse to observe five viscera by light and heavy press finger strength and shade nervure.Although listen sound source head in Fore-Qing literature,its contents were rare and discuss.Its allround summary and erpound were complete in Neijing and set up complete theory system.Lingshu-Jinmai discuss twelve meridians pathological changes reflect to sound. Shuwen-Cijinglun and Shuwen-Xuanmingwuqi were settle five viscera pathological changes relate to sound distinction in deep layer. Shuwen-Yinyangwuxingdalun were make use of yin-yang five elements induct to frequent pathosis listening sound.lt made close combination with five notes and five viscera and five elements to construction unify system.lt raise listening sound to examine entrails disease specifice method to make listening and smelling examination development consummately.It was early that smelling record in Shanhaijing. Other books and annals were not record.lt were not straightly stated in Neijing.These explain that the diagnostic method were not yet widespread applyment at that time.The theory and method of listening and smelling examination was not identify before west-Han dynasty.lt was established in the epoch of Neijing and setted up complete theory system.Interrogation was an important diagnosis method in Shang Dynasty period. After that,it was discuss from Zhouyi and Shangshu and Shijing to silk fabrics books in Changsha horse king heap third han dynasty grave,but its recognition among Neijing was discuss detailedly and completely and systemly and full-scally.Technique of diagnosis principle to change by constant was summarize by medical practice and life experience.On account of recognition that disease is abnormality vital movement,doctors invariably knew technique of diagnosis principle follow as a matter of course. Technique of diagnosis principle to realizing inner by surface was set up theory of realizing viscera by Xiang rationale on Zang-Xiang theory.Another, ancient philosophy development was settle foundation on technique of diagnosis principle to realizing inner by surface produce.From above research,we find the theory of diagnosis content record massly in ancientregister literature before Neijing,including inspection and listening and smelling examination and interrogation and pulse-taking and palpitation and technique of diagnosis principle. But it was scatter not system and go up theory altitude.However,by inducting and trimming,we could search an compare limpid thread of thoughtThat is, some chapter among Neijing exist technically inherit and development relationship,which once again demonstrated that characteristic of Neijing was not wrote by one man one period. The explain that Neijing is really a deserve traditional Chinese medicine theory foundation book.The technique of diagnosis most method and theory were mature establish gradually in the period of Neijing.lt settle rationale for the development of traditional Chinese medical science for later generations.The new ideas in the topic are:1. Through trim and analysis fore-Qing and arch-Han dynasty medical science and non-medical science medical literature and Neijing relevant information,we draw up the Neijing diagnosis theory from fore-Qing scatter diagnosis methods and mid-prophase Xi-han to systemic theory in Neijing by elaborating and trimming and forming.lt was settle foundation on theory and method for diagnosis theory later ages development.The topic sorting of data and related analysis deduction is provid original reference information for TCM academic history study.2. We find Neijing record two inspection face subsection methods.First,it make face each section skin belong to various organize.Second,it make five orientations five elements divide face location.The former was origin from Shiji-Changgongzhuan and the latter was from Dong zhong shu.The theory was appear late but advanced.3. We analysis the theory from academic develop regularity.We discover nervure diagnose experient from twelve meridians all over technique of diagnosis to three regions and their nine subdivisions for pulse-felling and Renying cunkou diagnosis.At last,it develop to single take cunkou pulse.The procedure is from multiply to simply. Zhouli "nine zings counsel movement" was precursor to three regions and nine divisions feel the pulse method or twelve meridians omni-technique of diagnosis. It introduced to feel the pulse of cunkou pulse in Shiji-changgongzhuan and twelve meridians all over technique of diagnosis and single take cunkou pulse applyment.lt was not appear three regions and their nine subdivisions for pulse-felling and Renying cunkou diagnosis.lt stated each instructor each student.However,each method even record above-mentioned on Neijij was not wrote by one man one period. The four feel pulse methods were by no me method disappear and another method appear,but many feel pulse methods developmentalternate gradually.4. Nanjing was inquire unpleasant to Neijing theory concrete contents.This article try to make use of many information in Nanjing,for example,the information of taking the cunkou pulse finger strength light and heavy press diagnosis five viscera disease.We research and approach Neijing absence only take cunkou.The specific diagnosis pulse method was not distinguish cun,guan and chi.The topic supply vacant in the direction of absence information.