Study On The Association Of Thrombophilias With Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Successful pregnancy depends on sufficient uteroplacental circulation. Placental thrombosis or infarction can result in adverse pregnancy outcome. Recently, recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) studies have turned to the relation of inherited or acquired thrombophilias.Three important inherited thrombophilias were discovered which predispose venous thromboembolic (VTE) events, it was factor V Leiden (FVL), factor II G20210A (FII G20210A) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T mutations. Some studies showed that FVL carriers have a 2.1-fold increased risk of early pregnancy loss and a 7.8-fold risk of late pregnancy loss. The prothrombin gene mutation was associated with a 2-to 9-fold increased risk of all recurrent pregnancy loss. The mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase results in decreased MTHFR activity and plasma folate level, and increased plasma homocysteine concentration. In a large population-based study, women with homocysteine levels greater than 10 mmol/L had a 2-fold higher risk of stillbirth than those with lower levels. At the present, 9 kinds of MTHFR gene polymorphism were invented, including C677T, A1298C, T1317C, and G1793A. MTHFR C677T was the most frequent cause of mild hyperhomocysteinemia (HHc) and associated with recurrent miscarriage.The prevalence of homozygous mutation is higher than that of heterozygous and increased the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss three fold. Up to now,other MTHFR gene polymorphism in pregnancy loss is not reported.Anticoagulant protein deficiencies increased the risk of fetal loss in most studies. In a study of thrombophilic families, 22 percent of pregnancies women ended in fetal loss in protein C(PC), protein S(PS), or antithrombin(AT) deficient compared with 11 percent of those in unaffected family members, suggesting a 2-fold increase in risk. However,a few studies did not support the association a few samples and different cases.The conflicting results may reflect the rarity of these disorders and the small number of deficient women included. Some about the level of high coagulate factors level contributed to venous thrombosis had been reported, a few articles revolved in unexplained pregnancy loss.Activated protein C resistance (APCR) was the highest risk of thrombosis (40% to 60%),...