| In this study, the cDNA microarray approach was used to investigate gene expression profiles of 5 different stages during initiation and progression of esophagcal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). According to pathological characteristics, these 5 stages are normal, dysplasia I, dysplasia II, carcinoma in situ and SCC. Comparing and analyzing these gene expression profiles, we observed that the expression levels of many genes got to change in dysplasia I and some known tumor related genes overexpressed or underexpressed in all 4 abnormal stages. The hybridization data were confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Principle component analysis identified a set of genes which may play important roles in the tumor development These results suggest that cDNA microarray technology is a useful tool to discover genes frequently involved in carcinogenesis of esophagus and provide novel clues to diagnosis, early detection and intervention of SCC. A fragment of expressed sequence tag (aa700351) overexpressed in SCC tissues compared with the normal tissues in cDNA microarray data. Based on the sequence of aa700351, the full-length cDNA was acquired by PCR amplification and named EC97. EC97 is 3353bp and its encoding protein contains 813 amino acid residues. Northern blot and RT-PCR analysts revealed that EC97 had a transcript of 3.4 kb in most human nonnal tissues we checked and its expression level increased in 60% (24/41) of tested SCC tissues versus the normal counterparts. EC97 was mapped to human chromosome 16p12-16pl3.1 using radiation hybridization and predicted to include 25 exons and disseminated over 100kb in genomic DNA. EC97 protein is composed of some motifs and forecasted to be a neutral and non-secretory cytoplasmic protein.
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