| BackgroundIn various kinds of stem cells, embryonic stem (ES) cells were conspicuous and developed extremely because of their totipotency, ability of germ line transmission and genetically manipulation. In 1981, Englishmen Evans et al and American Martine et al successfully separated and respectively cultured the mice ES cells in vitro and established strains of mice ES cell lines. These ES cells were first identified in the mouse system and capable of differentiating into multiple types in vitro. Especially after doctor James Thomson established human ES cell lines, others scientists in the world also cultured ES lines from inner cell mass (ICM). At present, there are 83 different ES cell lines registered at National Institute of Health (NIH) in USA, these ES cell lines came from many of countries. According to reports, ESC culture in vitro was more than two years and attained 450 serial passages. Embryonic germline ESC attained 70～80 passages at most. More interestingly, some scientists have begun to reconstruct ESC gene, to implement trans-gene expression and homologous recombination, which may alter ESC genes phenotype, such as gene knockout technique etc. All progress can make ESC to treat final stage of various diseases closing to the need of clinic medical reality.In 1980's, some scientists in our country have begun to study ESC. Especially in the last years, research of ESC developed quickly. Many a research institutes and functional authority department of government think highly of ESC, set up"973 programming"and"863 planning". Now a large troop of ESC study developed nation-widely. Professor Li Ling-song established research center of SC and prepared the construction of SC bank. Lu Guang-xiu, a professor in Xiang-ya medical college of Hu'nan province, went in for study of remedial clone. Professor Huang Shao-liang, a director of research center of stem cells,... |
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