Surgical Approach To The Ventral Craniocervical Junction Area: A Microscopic Anatomic Study

PART 1:THE MICROSURGICAL ANATOMICAL STUDY OF SUBMANDIBLAR AND RETROPHARYNGEAL APPROACHObjective: Even though a few neurosurgeons have applied the submandiblar and retropharyngeal approach to clinic, many neurosurgeons are still hesitative to do it. That is because in the process of this approach, the operator can easily damage some important anatomical structures such as hypoglossal nerve, vertebral artery etc. The detailed relative anatomic investigation is still unavailable until today. Therefore in this study, we imitated the submandiblar and retropharyngeal approach on cadaveric heads, measured the correlated anatomic data and observed the operative circumscription. Thereby, we can provide the precise anatomic data to the clinical instruction for safety of this operative approach. Methods:1. Material and it's manufacture: 30 integrity basicranial osseous specimens; 50 integrity atlas and axis osseous specimens; 30 sides of 15 cadaveric head and neck specimens of adults fixed with formalin, which were all retained above the Fourth cervical vertebra, for the sake of discriminating the artery and vein exactly, maintaining the normal caliber of blood vessel, and elevating the quality of the photograph, the artery system were infused with red-color emulsion, and the venous system with blue-color emulsion.2. Empirical procedure: Imitated the submandiblar and retropharyngeal approach for...