The Study On The Human Capital Theory Of Socialism With Chinese Characteristics

In the great practice of reform and opening-up and modernization construction of China, the Chinese communists, represented by Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, have done a systematic research on the human capital with Chinese socialist characteristic on the foundation of combining features of age with reality.Human capital theory with Chinese socialist characteristic is the one which relates to the relationship among strategy, production and investment, management、the construction of capability, environment development, international introduction, human capital and income distribution system reform, the construction of harmonious society, the scientific development and so on. It results from the combination of Marxist human capital theory and the great practice of Chinese reform and opening-up. It also takes in and borrows some rewarding achievement from the western human capital theory. Meanwhile, it is one of the important parts of socialist system with Chinese characteristic.On the exploration of the human capital theory, our party has also experienced a process from rejection, cognition, and abandon to chinization. Especially in the new millennium, the term "Human capital" was mentioned and stressed several times in the literature of the Communist Party of China. Human Capital as the first capital received authorization in the political party’s theoretical system, which was a major theoretical innovation of our party in this area. The breakthrough in the theory demonstrated the wisdom of Chinese Communists. Human capital theory with Chinese socialist characteristic together with the historical process of China’s reform and opening up develops increasingly and becomes perfect. During the different historical periods, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, and Hu Jintao have made a significant contribution to create, enrich and expand the human capital theory with Chinese characteristics. These contributions are the main content demonstrated in Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Important Thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development. The contents are in one continuous line and keep pace with times and eventually form the human capital theory with Chinese socialist characteristic.The human capital theory with Chinese socialist characteristic is on the basis of profound theoretical origin and sharp age feature. It is based on the prolific human capital theory in Marxism and the thoughts of valuing, selecting, educating and employing the talent in the Chinese five-thousand-year history. At the meantime, it borrows and takes in some illuminating contents from the western human capital theory. Most importantly, the great practice of Chinese reform and opening-up and the modernization construction offered a good developing environment for it.Much attention has been paid to the different aspects of the theory in order to go with the different developing stages of opening-up. During the past decades, the theory keeps enriched and growing. At the beginning of Opening-up, Deng Xiaoping had done a path-breaking contribution to and a systematic research on the human capital theory of Chinese socialist characteristic. He put forward the human capital strategies like "science and technology constitute the primary productive force.";"Respect the knowledge and the talents"; the theory of human capital production which emphasized that the modernization of China should rely on the science and technology and the education; the theory of human capital management which indicated that both the planning and market-directing were the economic means. Besides, he proposed some theories on human capital import and incentive, such as initiating and encouraging going abroad for study and importing the talent from other countries. From the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee to the16th National Congress of Communist Party of China, referring to the rise of knowledge-based economy at the turn of the new century, in order to maintain the stability of the country, to deepen the opening-up and to transform the ways of economical growth, comrade Jiang Zemin enriched and developed Deng Xiaoping’s human capital theory. He proposed that the market allocation and the factors of human capital should be put into social distribution and the all-round development of human capital factors, especially the development of creative thinking, is the essence. After entering into the new century, considering the world state, the country’s basic state, the social state and the Party’s condition, Hu Jintao systematically elaborated that we should treat the human capital as the premier capital, put prior investment into it; develop as well as take advantage of human capital at home and abroad and see morality as the leading factor of human capital, which helped develop and complete the system of human capital theory with Chinese socialist characteristic.The implement of the strategy of building up the strength of the county with human capital is the new practice of human capital theory with Chinese characteristic, under the circumstance of the deepening Chinese opening-up and the direction of scientific thought of development. It is another important national strategy which is representing the scientific thought of development, after the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of building up the strength of the country with the talent, and the strategy of sustainable development. The implement of the human capital strategy will do good to enhance the international competitiveness, further the development of science, promote the social harmony and reinforce the construction of the Party. It is the inner unity of the Party as well as the country with the strong human capital power.The human capital theory with Chinese socialist characteristic takes initial shape in the constantly developing process of China’s reform and opening up and socialist construction of modernization. The great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics strides ahead constantly and the human capital theory with Chinese socialist characteristic will also be further enriched, developed and improved along with the process of great practice.The thesis will be divided into seven parts, which are the introduction, chapter one, chapter two, chapter three, chapter four, chapter five and a conclusion. The content from chapter two to chapter five is the core.Introduction:it mainly talks about the background of the topic selection, the significance of the research. It also includes the introduction of the definition of the human capital and human resources, the talents relating to it. Besides, the literature review, especially the main perspectives about human capital theory, and the research methods, the main framework, the main creation and the remaining problem of the thesis will be contained.Chapter one:the feature of the age and theoretical origin will be explained in this chapter. From the perspective of age features, the development of human capital is the result of technological revolution, is meeting the need of Chinese Opening-up and Socialist Market Economy. As far as the theoretical origin concerned, the human capital theory with Chinese characteristic is under the direction of Marxism as well as develop the useful and discard the useless of western human capital theory. Meanwhile, it originated from and developed the five-thousand-year old traditional Chinese talent view.Chapter two:it mainly contains the pioneering quest of human capital theory with Chinese characteristic, a research of Deng Xiaoping’s theory. The thesis got the result that the human capital theory of Deng Xiaoping contains numerous contents about human capital, according to the research on his opinions about strategy, production, management, encouragement and import of the human capital. Deng Xiaoping’s theory is the foundation of human capital theory in China.Chapter three:focusing on the description of Jiang Zemin’s theory, it introduces the backgrounds of his theory, which are the turn of the century, the Chinese Opening-up and the request of the stability of the country. It also presents Jiang Zemin’s opinions about the market allocation of human capital, human capital factors distribution, and all-round development of human capital, creative ability being the core and so on. His theory enriches and brings the new trails into human capital theory as well as serve as a link between past and future.Chapter four:mainly doing a research on Hu Jintao’s human capital view. On the basis of analyzing the basic condition of the world, country, society and the Party, it does a systematic exposition on Hu Jintao’s strategy view that human capital is the primary capital, his production view that human capital should be priory invested, his global view that the import of human capital is a good way to win the international competition, and his morality construction view that morality is the most important factors in human capital. His theory develops and perfects the present Chinese human capital theory.Chapter five:it mainly proves that the strategy of building up the strength of the county with human capital will be very helpful to enhance the international competitiveness, further the development of science, promote the social harmony and reinforce the construction of the Party, from the prospect of the carrying out of the strategy.Conclusion:it is a sum-up of the whole paper, and put forward some shortcoming of the research and something needs to be perfect in the future study.