The Study Of Basic Ionic Liquids: Synthesis, Haracterization And Application In The Catalytic Eactions

Basic ionic liquids (BILs) refer to a new type of ionic liquids containing basiccenter endowed by the functionization of anion or cation of ionic liquids (ILs), whichis the most important research field of green chemistry as it has the potential toreplace traditional non-environment benign base catalyst system. BILs, which possessthe solid-like nonvolatility and the liquid-like motility, great effective surface area andpotential to regenerate continuously, are attracting increasing attention in a wide rangeof organic and catalytic reactions. However, at present the number of BILs is verylimited, and the methods and theories on the basic characterization of the ILs have notbeen established, the relationships among the basicity of BILs, their compositions andcatalytic activities have not been found, which greatly hindered understanding anddeeply studying of the BILs in the catalytic mechanism and industry applications.In this thesis, first of all, BILs coupled with carboxylate anion, proline anion andphenol anion were synthesized through the two-step method. And their structureswere characterized and confirmed by FT-IR and1H NMR. The purity of BILs wereanalyzed by ion chromatograph.Then, the basicity of the BILs are characterized by pH values, titration curvemethod, UV-visible combined Hammett function method, IR with pyrrole probe and1H NMR method with pyrrole probe. The relationship between the structure of theBILs and the basicity are established, which provide an useful basic information tounderstand the catalytic activity of the BILs.Finally, the BILs as a catalyst in the Knoevenagel Condensation, both as acatalyst and as a solvent in Michael Addition, as a solvent in Suzuki carbon-carboncoupling reaction are studied, respectivily. Which can provide theretical basis toimprove catalytic system and reaction conditions with some purpose and direction.The experimental results shows that ILs are with very good results wheather as a catalyst or as a solvent in the type of basic catalyzed reaction and is expected toreplace the conventional inorganic base using in actual production.In conclusion, technique in synthesis, purity determination and basicitycharacterization of BILs and the relationships among the composition, the structure,the basicity and catalytic activity are established. Which would have a good referencevalue for the synthesis of ILs, the study of the structure-activity relationship, thedesign of the BILs catalyst.