Microbial Screening And Performance Of The Bioremediation Of Environmental Pollution

When dealing with environmental pollutants biotechnology has many advantages like treated fast, low cost, more effective, mild conditions, no secondly pollution and friendly to environment. So it arouses immensely hope to ultimately tackle the environmental problems. This paper aimed to isolate microbes for bioremediation of oil and heavy metal pollutants and study their capabilities.1, Sampling in the specific oil contaminated environment, thirteen strains with great ability of degrading oil were selected through enrichment method and direct oil-utilizing method. Among which four bacteria, one yeast could produce biosurfactant, three of seven fungi were most effective in degrading oil. At the same time, 8 stains also isolated by method combined with blood agar plate and blue agar plate. And with primary identification, strain BS-01 and BS-03 belonged to Pseudomonas, strain OBD-LM2, OBD-HQM and OBD-QM were belonged to Trichodrma, Aspergillus and Penicillium separately.2, The oil-degradation rate of strain OBD-LM2 was 68%, strain OBD-HQM and OBD-QM were 55% and 39% separately. With comparison of GC/MS spectra of oil before and after degradation, it could be concluded that C₁₁～C₂₈ , C₁₁～C₂₀, C₁₁～C₁₇ could be degraded by stain OBD-LM2, OBD-HQM and OBD-QM separately, and the mid- and long-chain components(C₁₁～C₂₈) were mostly decomposed into short-chain components(< C₁₀) by strain OBD-LM2.3, Strain BS-03 with glycolipid yield of 4.3g/L was mutagenized with UV and UV+LiCl. The best mutant LY4 with glycolipid yield of 6.8g/L increased by 65.8% was achieved.4, The biotechnology for glycolipid production by mutant LY4 was primary studied to give the suitable culture medium (g/L): plant oil 30mL, urea 2, Na₂HPO₄ 1.09, KH₂PO₄ 0.91, MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.01, CaCl₂·2H₂O 0.005, pH adjusted to 8, incubated 6% seed (cultivated for 16h) on the orbital shaker for 2d at 34℃, 200～240rpm to give the highest yield of 8.93g/L. Investigations of dynamics carried on Bioengineering automatic fermentors revealed that production of glycolipid belong to semi...