The Research And Application Of Rice Fertilization Decision By Gis

Accurate management of paddy nutrient is to improve the level of surveillance,evaluation and management, at the same time to improve the intelligence of agricultural techniques by advanced information technology, fertilization model is an important cornerstone for Fertilizer Technique, and is most one for Accurate management of paddy nutrient. Based on the research of fertilizer apparent recovery fraction at current season with different species of rice at different conditions, this research forms modified nutrient balance model and neural network model, establishes regionalized fertilization model of rice sativa by GIS. In conclusion, the organic integrated research and development of paddy nutrient information management is formed based on GIS and fertilizer recommendation model.1.Based on 265 dates from 217 test points of "3414" in 17 rational countries of Jiangxi Province, at last comes to a relative parameters conclusion in nutrient balance model of early-season rice,mid-season rice and late-season rice with different soil types and topography. Research results show:At Jiangxi Province the average for Nitrogen fertilizer utilization ratio is 32.04%, for P2O5 fertilizer utilization ratio is 27.96%, and for K20 fertilizer utilization ratio is 50.69%. Different soil types have different affection degree of fertilizer utilization and production. In different soil types NPK apparent fertilizer utilization at current season is different, hydromorphic tidal field sand clayey soil is the highest, then are hydromorphic yellow clayey soil,hydromorphic Ma sand clayey soil,hydromorphic eel clayey soil,hydromorphic yellow sand clay soil.hydromorphic red sand clay soil,submergenic red sand clay soil.submergenic yellow clayey soil,gleyic tidal field sand clayey soil and gleyic eel clayey soil. Different topographies affect fertilizer utilization and production, NPK apparent fertilizer utilization at current season is highest in flats, then is hilly land and mountainous area. Fertilizer apparent recovery fraction at current season is in inverse proportion of soil fertility, because the nutrient-supply capacity of high productivity fields are stronger, fertilizer utilization is lower; low productivity fields go by contraries. Different rice varieties affect fertilizer utilization, this research shows that fertilizer utilization of mid-season rice is higher than early-season rice and late-season rice, but diversity is not so remarkable.2.In allusion to fertilization model defects of the traditional target yield method; Especially, when conducted in the county to promote soil testing and fertilizer, we are unable to do testing in order to determine the lacks of parameters; Using tests which have been carried out, calculating the parameters and adding a related adjustment factor, this research improves the traditional model of nutrient balance method for Rice Fertilization, and the improved nutrient balance model is FQ=Np×(G-B/Al)/ (Fn×FUR×Fl×F2×F3).The research results show:The improved nutrient balance model with fixed coefficients of fertilizer utilization ratio for different soil types, different topographies, and different rice varieties, can be promoted and used in the province. The tests at Fengxin show:The highest actual production is the improved model, the second is the traditional model, the third is the farmers'fertilizer practice, the lowest is without any action; With disposing actual production averages the improved nutrient balance model is 135kg/hm2 (Growth rate reached 1.9%) higher than the farmers'fertilizer practice, and is77.81 kg/hm2 (Growth rate reached 1.1%) higher than the traditional nutrient balance model. With the yield efficiency saving the improved model is highest, the traditional nutrient balance model is second, the farmers'fertilizer practice is least; the improved model is 367.91 yuan/ha. (Growth rate reached 20.63%) higher than the traditional model, and is 499.15yuan/ha. (Growth rate reached 30.21%) higher than the farmers'fertilizer practice. At the same time, disposing fertilize of the improved nutrient balance model is Closer to the target output.3.With BP algorithm as a tool, using the test results, we construct the model of rice fertilization based on Jiangxi Province artificial neural network. And the results show that: Construction of the "4-4-10-3"neural network structure of rice fertilization has better training accuracy and testing accuracy. The correlation coefficient between the model results of NPK fertilizer applied and the actual value are 0.984,0.966,0.987; error rate are less than 1%with in the control; these have good generalization of sexual function. In Fengxin county, we select six pilot sites to fertilize with different ways, the research results show:The neural network model's actual production is 6846.75 kg/hm2 with the highest, the improved model's is 6813.75 kg/hm2 with the second, the farmers'fertilizer practice's is 6600.5 kg/hm2 with the third, and without any action's is 3967.95 kg/hm2 with the lowest. At the same time, we analyze variations between the different ways with significance analysis, the results show:the variations for production between the improved nutrient balance model and the neural network model are not obvious, but the variations for production between the farmers'fertilizer practice, the improved model and the neural network model are obvious. 4.Union tradition empirical datum, Synthesizes GIS and the modeling technology, starts from the county with large-scale problem of fertilizer to solve small-scale regional. This research analysed soil nutrient regionalizing distributed condition for hill county territory at Yiyang County, obtained the hill farming soil fertility comprehensive district, then got best economic value paddy fertilization program in all areas of the district. The findings indicated:The soil Nutrient at Yiyang County can be colligating zoned nine districts, the largest district is V which is 8005.22 ha., counting for 34.02%of the total farmland, and is the most district of grain production area at Yiyang County; The districts from large to small are IV III VII. II VIII VI IX; The smallest district is I which is 36.54 ha., only counting for 0.16%of the total farmland. The representative district fertilizer effect function equations represent the districts such as soil fertility, and relationship between yield fertilizer and output; These equations have strong pointed, solve the problem that the equation of a single fertilizer effect is difficult to represent different plots and different levels of fertility; and obviously increase data representation than before.5.Take C# as the platform, using the secondary development function of ArcEngine. basing on building a fertilization module, we establish entity-relational database for fertilization, form the fertilizer submodule and paddy nutrient information management system. The research results show:The system uses the non-visual development languages, C# and the secondary GIS development function of ArcEngine, then it's operating environment can be divorced from GIS, it's functions like the general-purpose GIS software. The functions of paddy nutrient information management system divide into File management, information query, attribute editing, fertilizer recommend, and others relevant modules, every modules can divide into several functions. The system can make the best of fertile business management needs for the agricultural sector, and achieve business personnel requests at both improving efficiency and reducing work intensity.