Study On Effects Of Meniscal Allografts Transplantation By Different Methods

Background:Meniscal injuries are common in clinnic. Osteoarthritis is resulted from meniscal injuries.Meniscal repair is important when the menisci are serious injuried.Some researchers have found the meniscal allografts transplanation,that are similar to auto menisci,is the best choice to repair meniscal injuries.Different ways of meniscal allografts storage result to different effects.Fresh meniscal allografts have cell vigor only.Otherwise,freezed meniscal allografts can be stored for longer time. Some researchers have studied with meniscus tissue engineering. However,the result are not well. Scaffolds are important in tissue engineering. Native material and artificial synthetic material are researched and the result shows native material have more advantages. Fracture of tibial plateau combined with meniscal injuries are common in clinnic. Tibial plateau collapse and osteoarthritis are complications unavoidable. There aren't better treatments to survival this injury.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of meniscal allografts transplantation by different methods,include freezed meniscal allografts,fresh meniscal allografts and fresh medial meniscal allografts combined with osteochondral allografts transplantation.Methods:(1)36 rabbits were used in the experiment. The rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups:In groop A,the medial meniscal allografts were cut and quickly freezed in-80℃for 2 weeks,then they were stored in-20℃.In groop B,the freezed medial meniscal allografts which were come from groop A,were migrated into medial meniscal defects.In group C,the fresh medial meniscal allografts were migrated into medial meniscal defects.General observation,histology examination and glycosaminoglycan(GAG) examination in cartilage of medial tibial plateau were performed at the 4th week, the 8th week and the 12th week after operation.(2)Rabbit menisci were subjected to modified ten-step detergent,then,the specimens were assessed by staining with haematoxylin-eosin,and by the immunolocation of collagen I,et al. The specimens were migrated into medial meniscal defects. General observation,histology examination and glycosaminoglycan(GAG) examination in cartilage of medial tibial plateau were performed at the 8th week and the 16th week after operation.(3) 18 rabbits were used in the experiment. The fresh medial meniscal allografts combined with osteochondral allografts which were come from medial tibial plateau were migrated into medial meniscal and medial tibial plateau osteochondral defects.Normal knees were the contrasts. General observation,histology examination,X-ray check and so on were performed at the 4th week, the 8th week and the 12th week after operation.Results:(1)Cellular counting of Group C were more than that of Goup B(P <0.05) every time.There were no significant differences(P>0.05) in amount of GAG between group B and group C at 12th week.(2) Light microscopy confirmed that the celluar constituents of the specimens were removed.There were cells in the scaffolds at the 16th week after transplanation.(3)Fresh meniscal allografts combined with osteochondral allografts can be reconstruction blood circulation at the 4th week. There were no significant differences(P>0.05) in cellular counting between Group transplantation and Group normal knee contrasts.Conclusion:(1)The freezed meniscal allografts and the fresh meniscal allografts can prevent ostearthritis of the knee,but the curative effect of the latter are better than the former.(2)The modified ten-step detergent process could effectively remove the immunogenic cell components from rabbit meniscus. This scaffold stands a good chance to be an ideal implant for future meniscus tissue engineering.(3)Fresh meniscal allografts combined with osteochondral allografts can repair meniscal and osteochondral defects and prevent ostearthritis of the knee.