| AD is a progressive and neurodegenerative disease. The epidemiologic studies suggest that women are 1.5-3 times more likely to develop AD than men among the people with the same age. Postmenopause women attacked by AD in our country are increasing quickly compared with men. This suggests a role for estrogen in the prevention and/or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. According to clinical studies, ERT was reported recently that it can delay the onset of AD symptoms and improve their cognitive performance of women with AD.. But the long term administration of ERT might lead to increase the risks of outbreak of endometrium cancer, breast cancer etc. and that limits the clinical application of estrogen. NH1996, possessing estrogen-like activity and uterine hyperplastic effect, widely exists in plants such as soybean and cereal plants.. In order to further explore the effects of estrogen and NH1996 on cognitive and memory, OVX models, Alzheimer type dementia models induced by A β25-35 icv and cell culture models were used .Part 1. Neuroprotection of estradiol benzoate and NH1996 on OVX ratsIn the present studies, an OVX adult rat model was used. The weight of body, uterus and spleen in OVX rats increased markedly when compared with control. Using an active/passive avoidance paradigm, the effects of estrogen deprivation were tested on memory related behavior, and caused a decline in both passive and active avoidance behavior. Replacement with EB and NH normalized the response. Together these data indicates that the OVX in rats results in the impairment of learning/memory behavior which can be reversed by estrogen and NH. Neurochemical studies show that OVX caused a decrease of ChAT activity in cerebral cortex and hippocampus significantly and the increase of NMDA receptor binding in cerebral cortex. . Immunochemistry stainning showed decreases of syn, PV, CaBP and nNOS immunoreactivity in cerebral cortex and hippocampus in...
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