The Cytokines Ji Yinzuo Agent To Enhance The Study Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein D Dna Vaccine Protective Immune Response

Herpes simplex virus type 1 is a prevalent microbial pathogen infecting 60% to 90% of the adult world population, and the percentage is likely to be even higher than 95% where people are living in crowded, poor sanitary conditions. HSV-1 infects its host at mucosal or epithelial surfaces and enters the nervous system. The virus travels intra-axonally to the sensory ganglion where a productive infection may occur. In the neuron, a latent infection can be established, which persists for the life-time of the individual and can be reactivated under some stimulating situations (e.g. stress, exposure to UV-sunlight). The reactivated virus travels down along the axon to the epidermis and cause recurrent lesion. Clinically, HSV-1 infection can be manifested as herpes simplex keratitis, herpes labialis, encephalitis, etc. Herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is one of the most common ocular infectious diseases, and in fact, it is the leading cause of infectious corneal blindness as a result of viral reactivation leading to stromal keratitis and scarring. There are currently no effective preventive or therapeutic vaccines or drugs available. Although antiviral chemical drugs do play roles in the early treatments after HSV infection, they loss their effect gradually in the following re-infections as a result of virus drug-resistance mutation. The common phenomenon of occurrence of drug-resistance virus strains make it important to develop new prophylactic and therapeutic treatments to prevent virus infection, latency establishment and reactivation.Nucleic acid immunization (or DNA immunization) was first reported in 1990. Since this immunization strategy has many characters desirable for an ideal vaccine, including induction of broad immune responses (humoral and cellular), long-lasting immunity, and simple and cheap production, satisfactory physical stability, etc. it is paid great attention by researchers and is regarded a promising vaccination strategy. Nucleic acid immunization technique is being explored as a vaccination strategy against a variety of infectious diseases (including virus, bacteria, parasite), autoimmune diseases, and cancers, and showed great prospect in the vaccine research.The first generation of DNA immunization experiments have shown that delivery of...