| Background and objectives:Cancer was the second leading cause of death in China, and the mortality has been higher than the level of in the world. Cancers from upper digestive organ, such as oesophagus cancer, gastric carcinoma, liver cancer were very common in China and becoming a major public health problem. However, there are few of studies about the relationship between causes of cancer death and intakes of foods and nutrients in China. The objective of our study is to understand the correlation using the data from both National Death Survey in 2004-2005 and National Nutrition Survey in 2002 in China.Methods:The death database from the third national death survey in 2004-2005 were retrieved,32 areas of which were selected and matched with 32 sites from national nutrition survey in 2002 in geographical distribution, socio-economic levels, etc. The nutrition survey was done by combining weighing and recording methods to collect household foods consumption data for three days, and food intake data of individual members of the household was collected using "24 hour recall" method for consecutive days. The cancer cases identified as cancer deaths in the respective areas from all hospitals, community health centers, death registries and the Civil Administration Bureau, which holds cremation records. Population information was obtained from official registration records and the average intakes of nutrients were expressed as daily intake of an male adult with light physical activity. Linear regression and multiple regression models were applied to examine the association between mortality rates and the average intakes of foods and nutrients. Analyses were performed using the multiple linear regression model with SAS version 9.1(SAS institute,Cary,NC,USA)Result:The analysis of daily average food consumption in 32 sites showed that intakes of cereals, meats and oil reached recommedation daily amount (RDA), and salt intake was 88% over its RDA; while vegitables, fruit, fish or shrump, milk, soybean or its products were less, and milk intake was 25.6% of its RDA. Nutrient intakes were evaluated. Average intake of dietary fiber was 12g/day,39.3% of its adequate intake (AI), and intakes of retinol, zinc, riboflavin, and calsium and magnesium were less than those of their recommendation nutrient intake (RNI) and AI. The intakes of iron and tochopherol were 162.7% and 370% of their RNI and AI. Correlative analysis showed that the intakes of selenium, vitamin A and milk had a negetive correlation with the mortality of esophageal carcinoma (p<0.05); the intakes of vitamin A had a negetive correlation with the mortality of gastric cancer (p<0.05). However, there was a strong positive correlation between the intakes of pork, chicken and dessert and cancer of colon (p<0.05), and a positive correlation was also found between gallbladder cancer and the intakes of dessert and chicken. Liver cancer had a negetive correlation with the intake of dietary fiber (p=0.018) and a positive one with the amount of pickles one took in (p=0.01). When it came to pancreatic cancer, with which vitamin C had a negetive correlation (p=0.047).Conclusion:A significant negative correlation between the mortality of digestive cancer and the intakes of dietary fiber, selenium and vitamin A was found, which means these nutrients may protect human from cancer; while the intake of foods as pork, dessert, etc. might probably increase the risk of developing digestive tumors. However, some of the results in our study inconsistent with other reports were expected to be examined by more researches in the future.
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