The Theory And History Of "Yi—Xiang"in China's Classical Period

"Yi—Xiang" is one of the core areas of Chinese classical art theory, has been one of the widely used terminology in contemporary art criticism, However, scholars of Chinese classical "Yi—Xiang" lack of the systematically arrange and in—depth demonstration, use but regardless of its causes widespread, or consider it had been ship into china from west. In view of this situation, Chinese classical "Yi—Xiang" to be a sorting out of the system and the necessary instructions in this study.The first chapter describes the "Yi—Xiang" before the birth of the "Yi" and "Xiang"."Xiang" is a philosophical category and academic circles as the evolution of in—depth study of a philosophical proposition from an ordinary word of the alleged animal. This chapter based on Oracle, inscriptions and archaeological finds, demonstrates the "elephant" is widely present in the historical facts of ancient China. and ancestors with the "elephant" in the life and cultural dimensions of worship, art, hunting, leisure, war, agriculture, divination and other relations."Xiang" in the Book of semantic expansion for change laid a semantic foundation for the philosophical proposition,"Tao Te Ching""Zhuangzi" strengthen the philosophy of "Xiang" makes the important proposition of classical Chinese philosophy in Xi Ci, and radiation to the music, medicine and other fields. In the pre has laid the tradition of "expensive meaning" is the traditional of "respect xiang" roots and supplementary."Language and Meaning", Mozi "God the Analects, Mencius", said the "special meaning" intention "on the Guan zi.The second chapter focuses on the birth and development of the "Yi—Xiang", On the Han and Tang Dynasties image."Yi—Xiang" was not born in Liang Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long", but as early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, but what was born in Wang Chong's "Lun Heng chaos dragon" or Ban Gu's "Han Li Guang Chuan", is difficult to determine. Discrimination on the basis of the relationship between "Xiang" and "image", and first proposed the concept of "Ti—Xiang", the main differences of the "Yi—Xiang" and "Ti—Xiang". Liu Xie "Yi—Xiang" use does not rise to the conscious level, I data after Liu Xie to the late Qing Dynasty of literature Liu Xie "Yi—Xiang" of the Quotations in the situation, explain the "Yi—Xiang" theory of Liu Xie small historical facts, and proposed not of Liu Xie "Wen xin diao long", historical influence should be equivalent to its "Yi—Xiang" on the point of view of the historical influence."Yi—Xiang" in the Tang Dynasty, in the poetics and the Calligraphy theory on the focus, especially calligraphy "Yi—Xiang" on the Zhang Huai Guan plays an important role in the history of classical Yi—Xiang. This chapter also discusses the Tang Dynasty "Yi—Xiang" closely related "Qi—iang" and "Xin—Xiang".The third chapter focuses on the "Yi—Xiang" conscious of "Yi—Xiang" Theory in Song and Yuan Dynasties. On the core of the Song Dynasty "Yi—Xiang" is "expensive opinion" is "expensive opinion" on "respect xiang", on the conflict and to reconcile the era, and thus plays an important role in the history of Chinese classical imagery."Yi—Xiang" in the Song Dynasty, a lot of new changes, mainly:first,"Yi—Xiang" a substantial increase in frequency of use, including the history of biography, the book, Kai, Preface, Postscript, remember, praise, epitaph, Shinto monument Bureaucracy, the characters in the line—shaped tasting; landscape describe. Second, the expansion of the "Yi—Xiang" field of use, that is drawing criticism from the previous poetics, on the books to expand. The Poetics of Song Dynasty and the book of "expensive opinion" on the territory,"expensive opinion" on the Poetics of Song Dynasty is mainly reflected in the "expensive opinion", is still the truth and Chong France.The late Southern Song Dynasty, Yan Yu, theorists in the Song Dynasty "expensive opinion" on the reflection, and complex initiatives like.Calligraphy of Song Dynasty on the basis of the "expensive opinion" standard move "rhyme". Drawing criticism is "expensive opinion" and "respect xiang" of confrontation and mutual infiltration, mainly for the conflict and fusion of the theory of literati painting and court painting. This chapter of the Yuan Dynasty Image theory also is a basic description.Chapter IV focuses on the maturity of the "Yi—Xiang", on the "Yi—Xiang" of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The stage, on the "Yi—Xiang" because of its rich content and theoretical achievements and the history of the maturity of Chinese classical imagery, there are three general characteristics and the four mature performances. The overall three characteristics:first,"Yi—Xiang" in the use of the Ming and Qing dynasties mainly concentrated in the arts. Second, the focus of the study of the "Yi—Xiang" transferred to the main areas of the Chinese classical aesthetics:Poetics.,"Yi—Xiang" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and other important aspects of classical Chinese aesthetics, such as "Xing—iang",Xthat "Qi—Xiang",the "Yi—Jing","Jing—Jie" and "rhyme" with the researchers concerned about the change previous use of Four mature performance:first, the "Yi—Xiang" continue to advance in aesthetic appreciation. Second, in—depth study on the "Yi—Xiang" aesthetic creation.Third, a profound discussion of the "means" the "Yi—Xiang". Fourth, the image both obliterate the theoretical expression. This chapter on the Li Dong Wang Tingxiang He Jingming, Wang Shizhen Frames. Lin Lu Shiyong, Kangxi, Qianlong, Wang Fu—chih, Ye Xie, Confirming, Ji Yun, Fang East tree, Pan Yu, Yang occasion Chang, Fei Ying, Tang Pro early, Xizai Zeng, Li Rihua "image" theory to be the focus of description and exposition.The main innovation of this paper is as follows:The first in—depth study of the philosophical problem of "elephant"."Elephant" is derived from the system of "like" a new category, scholars generally traceable to the "Book of Changes" and "I"."Elephant" from an ordinary word of the alleged animal evolution as a philosophical proposition, no in—depth study. According to Oracle, inscriptions and archaeological finds, the argument ancestors and "elephant" in the level of life and culture, and ultimately became an important philosophical proposition.Second, the instructions on the history of "Yi—Xiang" right "Yi—Xiang" source and Liu Xie. Scholars generally believed that the "Yi—Xiang" from the "Wen Xin Diao Long", or traced back to the Eastern Han Wang Chong's Lun Heng to chaotic Long. Eastern Han Ban Gu, Han Li Guang Biography also uses the word "Yi—Xiang" into the book's two books are our priorities, so the source of the "Yi—Xiang" problem, no conclusion. In addition, for the first time a very close relationship with the "Yi—Xiang""Ti—Xiang".This article that can not be equated with the view of the "Yi—Xiang" on the historical influence of Liu Xie and Liu Xie. Investigated from Liu Xie Wen Xin Diao Long "to the late Qing Dynasty "Yi—Xiang" language materials, one of Liu Xie,"Yi—Xiang" of Quotations and discussion, not large Liu Xie "Yi—Xiang" on the conclusion.Third, focusing on the Song Ming and Qing three generations of i"Yi—Xiang" theory. In this paper, the analysis of language materials used in the Song Dynasty "Yi—Xiang" to come to the conclusion in the "Yi—Xiang" theory of the Song Dynasty is not art criticism. Song "Yi—Xiang" use the most is the comment character, scenery tracing in art criticism, painting criticized the use of "Yi—Xiang" up to, followed by calligraphy criticism, not much in the "Yi—Xiang" in the Poetics. This paper summarizes the three major characteristics of the Ming and Qing Dynasties Image theory and four mature performances, and the Ming and Qing Li Dong yang, Tingxiang the image on the in—depth research; in the literature on the basis of the denial of Wang Fu—chih's "Yi—Xiang" theory.Fourth, this paper systematically compiled a large number of "Yi—Xiang" the pragmatics literature, many papers included in the study of classical Chinese "Yi—Xiang" for the first time, which laid a solid literature base for the study of Chinese classical imagery to make up for the previous "Yi—Xiang" lack of literature defect.