The Chinese Locative Syntactic Expression Constructions

This article starts from cognitive and integrates four syntacticstructures relative to location category into the construction frame. Itgives new analysis on these four syntactic structures from the point ofview of construction. The article includes five chapters.Chapter1:exordium. This chapter introduces the purpose of thisarticle and reviews the related studies had been done before. It alsointroduces the resources of the corpus, main content, possible creativeopinions.Chapter2: study on construction of non-stereotypical "V＋Nlocation". Surrounding the construction, this chapter mainly researchthe cause of creation, lexicalization and the Characteristic of theComponents,dependency of the context, difference betweenmeaning of the construction and "P＋Nlocation＋V", and so on. Themotives are mainly rhemization and pragmatic grammaticalization.High-frequency, the imitation of verb-object structure andconstructionalization are the three mechanisms to make thelexicalization. Dynamic of the verbs in the construction is very weak andits meaning is abstract,while the location nouns, belonging to the basiclevel category, become untypical patient by rhemization.Self-sufficiency degree of the structure is inverse proportion tocontextual dependence, while difficulty of pragmatic inference isdirect proportion to it. The abstract meaning of the construction isselective. In contrast to "P＋Nlocation＋V", the construction has somedifference in the relation between the form and the meaning, theprominence of location case and context conditions.Chapter3:study on construction of "把＋O＋VR＋L". This chaptermainly researches the categories and the characteristics of theconstruction, and also analyzes the path schemas, subjectivity, constructional meaning from the point of the view of cognitivegrammar. By the various expression forms of this construction, we cancategorize it by three types: basic construction, extended constructionand various changing construction. This construction expresses thedisplacement caused by treatment on specific object and abstractobject as well. This construction mostly exists independently and it canmake sentence alone at sentence level. But there is some constructionappearing as component of the sentence. In the construction "把＋O＋VR＋L", the absence of "把" is closely related to its animacy andcontrollability. Being influenced by the genre, short chunk form thedominant part of the object. The semantic features of verbs aredifferent. The semantic of location in the construction is different andthis will influence the looming of the location. The informationorganization of this construction matches the arrangement from the oldto the new completely and reflects path schemas. Most of the time, thisconstruction expresses subjectivity obviously when it's used. Theconstructional meaning is that the subject is made displace and have anew location.Chapter4:study on construction of "VO＋Nlocation"。This chaptersummarizes the character of all the parts in construction of "VO＋Nlocation". We analyze the motivation, iconicity and pragmaticinterpretation of the construction. The construction of "VO＋Nlocation"is different from the construction "zuoshafa(坐沙发)"。In construction of"VO＋Nlocation", the extension ability of VO structure can be big orsmall and its concept meaning has various situations. While Nlocationcan also be divided into various categories by various attributecharacters. The creation of the construction has its own motivation andit's the result of semantic and pragmatic grammaticalization. And thehigh frequency of its use is also a major reason to make this constructionoccur so much. This construction is blended through haplology by two concepts to be related to action event and location event；If we seefrom the external structure,"VO＋Nlocation" is non-marked. But fromthe delivery of information, it's marked instead； the construction of"VO＋Nlocation" is suitable to be used in limited style like news title oradvertisement. The tone of the construction is reinforced since the highblending degree of VO and Nlocation. The construction implies a resultand makes the event obvious. Compared with the construction ofnon-stereotypical "V＋Nlocation", the difference of this constructionreflects mainly in following aspects: the degree of verbal componentsaffecting style, components of location nouns, the difficulties ofsemantic interpretation, the valency of the verbs and extending abilityof the construction。Chapter5:study on construction of "在＋location". This chapterdivides construction of"在＋location"into two sub-constructions of"在＋L＋VP" and "V＋在＋L". The analysis focuses on the characteristic ofthe parts of the two sub-constructions, different schemas, and differentpragmatic interpretation. And we make analysis on the transformationbetween the two sub-constructions from point of view of their parts'characteristics. In sub-construction of "在＋L＋VP",L has spatiality andboundedness, while the structure of VP is very complicated. From pointof view of cognitive, the sub-construction reflects the conceptualprinciple of Ground-Before-Figure iconically. In sub-construction of "V＋在＋L", L mainly expresses the specific physical space. Thisconstruction has strict restriction on verbs. From point of view ofcognitive, this sub-construction basically reflects a kind of linear pathschemas. Under many conditions, these two sub-constructions can betransformed. But due to the influence of the internal parts'characteristic, the transformation between them is limited in someconditions.