A Psychological Model Of Web-based Instruction And Its Experiments

Web-base education rapidly developed in decades. It is becoming a trend to teach and learn based web, especially learning online. How to take the advantage of web to instruct not only involves the web technology but more importantly depends on the principles of pedagogy and psychology during the course of web-based instruction.Generally speaking, web-based instruction takes advantage to the learning theories of behaviorism, Gestalt, cognitive psychology and constructism. Constructism is dominant among them and it emphasizes learners construct their own knowledge structures through self-control to learning.Web-based learning has two forms. First one is collaborative learning. That is to construct their own knowledge systems by the way of solving the problems in collaborating with others. Second one is individual learning .The students acquire the knowledge and technology by themselves. Most of teaching web sites have the two forms. A lot of researches discuss how to realize the communication between students and teachers and communication among students through solving problems by collaboration.We proposed a psychological model of web-based learning. Then it was programmed to the Yuanlin Web-based Learning Platform (abbr. as YWLP). YWLP consists of two parts, the course development system and intelligent teaching system. The first system focuses on how to design a web-based course, how to construct knowledge nodes net, and how to develop the teaching material and test. The second part focuses on how to achieve individual learning and collaborative learning, especially on how to select agoal and learning mode, how to start learning, how to dynamically self-adapt and evaluate according to learning records.We developed web-based courses of math, physics and chemistry in senior school. Teaching experiments, application of web-based courses, were finished throughout a whole term. We found that YWLP can offset the shortcomings of instructions in classroom. Although there are still problems to solve in YWLP, most learners agree that the intelligent character of YWLP individual instruction is helpful for every learner to make best progress, as well as to develop one's potential as much as possible. Moreover, the statistic data showed that the students' motivation, interest, autonomy and meta-cognitive ability have been enhanced significantly. In fact, Comparing with the other web-based teaching platforms, YWLP can provide not only general functions shared by other platforms, including cooperative learning, support online, coursewareadministration and so on and so forth, but the function of intelligently individuallearning. YWLP provides students a good chance to choose how to learn individually with their own suitable style. We are positive it is helpful to reach one's achievement in learning as great as possible.