| IntroductionSince the end of 19th century, the Low Class position has changed gradually. It started as the despised mob then to the revolutionary motive and finally to the " host ". But the real position of the Low Class remains unclear. Since the reform and opening to the outside world, the Low Class underwent a short "Prime Time" , but faced more aggression. Thus its position also changed greatly. The contemporary literature had different point of view on it. This dissertation attempts to outline the image of the Low Class and at the same time analyze the cause of its change.The first partChapter one EvasionBefore the middle of 80s, most literary works evaded the real position while shaping the Low Class image. There were mainly three kinds :( 1) topics on countryside," scars" and reform in which the Low Class distress was declared to end. Only new farmer's image based on reality was convincing. The "noble" worker's image was short of realistic foundation. (2)The reflective novels on" Cultural Revolution" declared the complete end of the Low Class distress. They described the Low Class distress on the extreme "leftists" but limited to the negation of the " Cultural Revolution" and 17 years, cut off the contact of the history and reality. (3) Intellectual reflective novels legendized the Cultural Revolution and ended in its glory of reverse announcement. The Low Class novel was only the accessory of distressed intellectuals. In general, "distress is over" originated from the author's admiration for modernization.Chapter two Face to the factThe real survival state of the Low Class emerged at the beginning of the 80s. The early works of reform by Rengzhi Wang reflected the danger of the Low Class falling into the victims of modernization. After the middle 80s, more and more works showed that the Low Class became the exploited of modernization. In the middle and end of 90s, the exploited Low Class was paid more and more attention. "The Three carriages" proposed "The New Low Class". In fact the combination of reality in 90s and nobility in 50s suggested the legality of the description of the Low Class: limited to "The Cost".Chapter three CausesThe avoiding attitude towards the Low Class in the novels after"Cultural Revolution" was closely connected with The Mao Ideology. After the Cultural Revolution, all the writers used the " modernization" to replace the "continuing revolution", the Low Class was however without any purpose. Reform not only helped to develop the economy by the sacrifice of Low Class benefit, but also helped to restore the Low Class position and the disillusion of "modernization. In 80s, most writers regarded people as the beneficiary in reform. Meanwhile, the consciousness spread in academic circles. At the beginning of 90s, some scholars started to do some research in the market economy. In 1997, The New Leftists Group such as Wand Hui and Han Yuhai etc. began to reflect the whole way of modernization. In 1999 , The discussion about "three agricultures" in "Reading " caused a big reflection. In 2000,Cao Jingqing in Ms China along the Yellow river verified the worries of intellectuals in his investigation of countryside. In 2002, a book entitled The Report On different Levels in Chinese Society analyzed ten strata. According to its demarcation, most of farmers and workers were for the first time classified into the Low Class, which was over a billion. Economic-orientation made the Low Class have individual consciousness. Farmers even maintained their power by violence. Workers' rebelling scale was getting larger and larger. Meanwhile, "The New Ideology" erased the LowClass problem. A. "The New Ideology" made by mass media deliberately erased the profound difference among each stratum. B. Intellectuals were put into the group of beneficiary of reform. The Low Class lost their cultural representatives. C. Lack in the way of investigation. The Low Class was strictly blocked by bureaucracy. The greatest harvest in 90s was the appearance of the Low C...
|
PDF Full Text Request