Northern Nomadic Two Wings System

The system of Two Wings (Left Wing and Right Wing) is a habitual institution of domination in Northern nomadic nationality, which thesupreme ruler was stationed in the center of the prairie and the ruler of Two Wings surrounded and protected the supreme ruler in the basis of the system of enfeoffinent The system of Two Wings has various manifestations during the different periods. Firstly, Two Wings, the supreme ruler and the vice-king possessed their own territory and supported each other when the influence of the nomadic nationality was at ebb. Secondly, Three Wings under normal conditions, the supreme ruler commanded the center of the domains, and the two commanding officers possessed the Left Wing and the Left Wing separately. Thirdly, multi-parts, the ruler divided into four parts and more according to their intention when the influence of the nomadic nationality was powerful and prosperous. The typical case of the system of Two Wings was three parts,and the secondary case was two parts.There are some researches on the system of Two Wings in Northern nomadic nationality in historical realm, but their studies was short of the analyses to the cultural inheritance of nomadic nationality. The article proves the system of Two Wings, which was built, developed and perfected by the Huns, Turk, Khitan and Mongols, and makes full use ofthe predecessors' latest achievements and ancient records, the inscription on a tablet, and the epitaph. The system of Two Wings was built by the Huns, inherited and developed by Sienpi, Turk, Quigar, Khitan, and Mongols in Northern prairie.The Huns: The taghti who command the Huns Empire directly possessed the center of domain, and the two princes possessed the Left Wing and the Right Wing of the Huns Empire. The Northern Huns' domain was divided two parts when the tight split up the empire into southern and northern parts. The taghu and two princes were elected from the hereditary family and not lifelong post in the Huns Empire. The system of Two Wings in the Huns has something to do with the military activities and the dual-capital (Chengzhou and Zongzhou) of the Western Zhou Dynasty.Turk: The system of Two Wings in Turk was variable from two parts to four parts according to the variation of influence of Turk Empire. The khan was elected from Ashina family. Turk was similar to the Huns in the characteristic of Two Wings because of the inheritance of nomadic culture in prairie.Khitan: The system of Two Wings in Khitan originates in the tribal alliance of Yaonian Family. The emperor directly possessed the imperial mobile palace tribe, and the Northern and Southern prime minister mansion was government office commanding the Left Wing andthe Right Wing. The ruler of Two Wing was imperial kinsmen or its' affinity, relation by marriage was utilized in Two Wing by the ruler of the Liao Dynasty.Mongols: The system of Two Wings in Mongols was built under the reign of Cinggis-qayan. The Cinggis-qayan's brothers commanded the Left Wing and the Cinggis-qayan's sons commanded the Right Wing, and the Khan possessed the center of Ulus. The Mongols Empire was divided two parts after Dayan Khan. The Left Wings was personally dominated by Khan, and the Right Wing was dominated by Jinong.In a word, The system of Two Wings in Northern nomadic nationality was a simple and suitable to the culture of prairie, which was adapt to the system of military affairs and politics combining to one, the system of enfeoffment and the hereditary system of election. The cause, which emerged, has something to do with the military activities, mode of nomadic production, and inheritance of nomadic traditions.