Study On The Diplomatic System Of The Song And The Jin (1127-1234)

The period of the Song, the Liao and the Jin was regarded as The Second Northern and Southern Dynasties in China's history by the historian. Though weaker than the Jin in the military strength, the Southern Song still had ability to confront with the Jin . Diplomatic relations between Song and Jin was reflecting this kind of situation exactly. In fact, besides a few years, in more than 100 years when Song and Jin confronted with each other, there were the envoys' exchanges between two regimes. For example, there were Tong-wen envoy and Qi-qing envoy during the war; Sheng-chen envoy and Zheng-dan envoy at ordinary time. So the envoys' exchanges of two regimes should be a focal point in studying the relations between the Song and theJin.This dissertation includes preface, two appendixes and a main text that is composed of five parts. In the first chapter, the thesis analyses the background of relations between Song and Jin. Because the relations of the Song and the Liao exerted a most direct influence to the Jin and the Song, the former is reviewed at first. Then through taking comments on the Treaty of Chan-yuan as an example, the thesis proves that thinking from the realistic angle, most people of the Southern Song offered high appraisal on the relations of the Song and the Liao. Secondly, a fact is shown that no matter theoretically or on the realistic policies, the Chinese world order system has exerted a sure influence on people of the Southern Song. In the second chapter, the thesis makes further investigates to the diplomatic system of the Southern Song, for displaying the change phenomenon of this system. The author clarifies the diplomatic organizations in the Southern Song at first. Then, The author discusses these questions, such as: the envoy's kinds, diplomatic corps personnel's composition, presents that the envoy took. Finally, such questions as the smuggle of the diplomatic corps, diplomatic etiquette and letter of credence are described .In the third parts, in order to probe into the envoy's characteristic in the Southern Song, the article carried on colony's research to the envoys of different periods. Investigating the identities of chief and vice envoys of the early period: Jian-yan and Shao-xing, the author finds that they are mostly small officers. This kind of phenomenon does not accord with the principle that the envoys must be noble, talented people take on. And such strange phenomenon is closely related to great background of the relation of the Song and the...