Romantic Land Study

Erotological fiction is a notion mentioned by people when speaking of and giving classification to the novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Erotological fiction was an important cultural phenomenon and the literal fact in Ming and Qing Dynasties, as we can't turn a blind eye to. We should be practical and realistic to study why they appeared in Ming and Qing periods, how to value their two-sided functions in politics, economy, culture and literature, whether the break-through of sex description is of value, and what aesthetic principles it has deviated from for they were banned. Therefore we can understand what reference the literal phenomenon can give to today's literary creation, the popular culture and the national cultural policy, and how literature reflects objective world, publicize individual character, and meet readers' demands on sexual description while keeps higher than life, leads the readers to aesthetic appreciation and promote readers' taste. The Erotological novels study how we treat this part of literary heritages, how to value them objectively in the history of literature, history of the novels. This is a theme of theoretical value and realistic significance.1, Status in Quo of the ResearchThose who study the ancient literature care more about sexual description in the Chinese ancient literature. Some discussions had been on during 1930s or 1940s to pre-liberation. Lu Xun, Zheng Zhenduo, Mao Dun, Gao Luopei etc, all have some profound insights, even very big achievements. Among them, Lu Xun is the representative. From the implementation of the reform and opening policy to 1990s, many experts who devote to novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties make use of Research on Novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Research on JinPingMei and Rearch on the Red Chamber Dream to criticize the sexual description in single article or many novels. As for Jin Ping Mei , they have made some breakthrough in width and depth. The main research result is Sex in Chinese Ancient Novel by Zhang Guoxing. While studying the thought and social value of ancient classics, most scholars put forward some analyses of sexual love and affirm the standpoint, such as fairy of sexual love in The Peony Pavillion, antemarital sexual behavior in The Western Chamber and sex consciousness and homoerotism in The Red Chamber Dream, etc.. As for pure sexual novels, researches probably still have been placed in the forbid books and officially banned book, such as General View of Chinese Officially Banned Books by An PingQiu and Zhang Peiheng, Talking about Chinese forbidden Novels by Li Shiren. However there are few to study objectively and justly as a novel style. The History of Chinese Novels also did not take the Erotological fiction into the category of research. It puts it into History of Secular fiction. Some Taiwan scholars, while compiling Collection of Naive Thoughts and Ancient forbidden Novels, have collected a large number of erotological novels. In the prefaces, they have given each one objective, historical, fair analysis and evaluation, coming to a very high academic level. There are some other works such as Writing Mode of the Erotological Fiction in Ming Dynasty by Cao Yin, Novel and Gorgeous Love by Chen Yiyuan, and Niggard, Virago, and the Polygamous by Ma Kemeng.2. Research Content(1) The concept of erotological novels. The erotological novels take description of sexual love as the center, the sense organs incitement as the subject, literature as the expression way, and the merchandise profit as the purpose. They are illegal and have their own original characteristics. The erotological novels are the main style of Ming and Qing novels. Together with evil novels, legal novels and sagas the erotological fiction arrives at the highest summit of the Chinese ancient novels unprecedentedly.(2) The gorgeous novels have own because of. It with Ming and Qing two politics, with Ming and Qing two economy develops, with social culture, ages culture of interaction, with literature development, have the very and close relation. The governance principle, cultural policy of the ruling class, to the control of sex with loosen to move, the large-scale extension, the marriage idea of the citizenry stratum that the development of the merchandise economy cause has sexual love the choice of the variety, culture of the idea consumption, orthodox tradition culture of degenerative and harsh, religion culture of influence, enrich colorful and civil sex life culture, literature of previous literature of especially Ming middle period of development creations( include the sexual love manner of the poem phrase song, the ambition is strange, legend of strange Deep far, words originally of actuality with popular turn, the historical records keeps the pen not to avoid), the public appreciate beauty vulgarly, the Try to please of the literature art is vulgar, all giving gorgeous feeling the creation of the novel, develop, mature and headed for the end of road to provide the feat soil, backlog some experience.(3) The gorgeous novels are mostly through four developing stages:The first development stage for Ming in expect(1500-1630 years) behind, the total circumstance is to comply with the surrounding the explosion, frightened. Current medium a text speech brilliant scholar beauty novel, plain text speech in a gorgeous feeling novel, such as The Absolute Spend Three Wonderful Spread, fall in Love to Record, Keep in Mind the Spring Tranquil and Enjoyable Gather the Son, The Satisfied Gentleman Spread, The Fall in Love Old Woman Son Spread ;Have the long literary piece to return to gorgeous feeling novel again, medium the literary piece return to gorgeous feeling novel, such as A Plum of Gold, Embroider the Romance of Bed, The Wave History, The Thick Feeling is Quickly the History, The History of Zhanyan Interesting, etc. Still draw up the originally medium gorgeous feeling novel of words, such as Shear the Light Lately Words, some gorgeous feeling short pieces within"three speeches", "two clap" The Wan Dayinfire Burn Treasure lotus temple , the HEDAQING Leave behind hates the mandarin duck Silk ribbon, the Zhen Jiansheng the wave to swallow the medicine of Mystery , happy deep Girl's bedroom of the RENJUNYONG Unscrupulously, the monk and nun Sin sea etc..The second stage for Ming end in the early Qing dynasty( Ming Chongzhen and middle Qing of Kangxi ,1630-1700), the characteristics are fresh and Ming, the body type is mature, the complete vernacular turn. There is chapter returning to gorgeous feeling novel, the gorgeous feeling novel words gather originally, short story, such as the meat Grass regiment, gorgeous history ofSui yang King, the light grass the monk spread, carry to spend the ship, the parasol tree Shadow, the peach blossom Shadow, the good luck of month of light, happy natural rivals, eight Brocade, the onefeeling, 12 smile, fragrant quality of proper spring etc.; And the gorgeous feeling novel is started blend in other novels body type, such as Speak the cabin of the story, The predestination of the bright pearl, the moralizing opportunity spread, the vinegar bottle gourd etc..The third stage for Qing middle period( the KANGXI expects the JIAQING of the year behind, namely 1700-1800), have of melt into a Outstanding work, have of then enter the end to flow. This is period, since appeared to gather the gorgeous feeling novel, it greatly become- the Literally talks it wildly , appeared the literature top to make- Red Chamber Dream, also appeared the gorgeous feeling novel of a medium article that lacks the creativity, such as make the flower bush, gorgeous history of the sorcery mountain, almond HUA TIAN, inebriate the spring breeze, the stub wood's romance, romantic monk etc.. Not only presented the innovation that gorgeous feeling novel and gorgeous feelings describe, reformation and sublimate, but also indicate that the inside vitality of the gorgeous feeling novel starts to be dried up. But the text talks the once more flourish of the gorgeous feeling novel, displaying to return to characteristic of bring to the court for prosecution the head. The gorgeous feeling describes to blend to other novel body types in large quantity.The fourth stage is a Qing middle period hereafter( the Jiaoting of year of Guangxu after celebrate mediumly, about 1800-1900), this is the Decline period of the gorgeous feeling novel, in order to refrain from rash action gradually, the performance to go to perish. Have of with a life time lover the feeling novel blend, even characteristic already not obvious, such as the mirage ambition , the young heroes and heroines spread ;Narrow bawdry of Play with of some alignments, such as article Hua Baojin, nine tail turtles, the brothel dream, prosperous dream of sea ; But the text talk although the aftermath of gorgeous feeling flows into the narrow bawdry of Play with, still wearing its existence in the clearly show, such as the words of SONGBIN Scattered etc.. The first light of day of new democracy science will soon appear, gorgeous feeling novel at get involved the society change and pay attention to the modern literature, the modern literature in front of the Chinese prospect destiny actively, whole body but back.(4) The gorgeous feeling novel has the special understanding value. First, the performance is in the culture of, history of understanding meaning up.We think, saying for the unseen and daily lives of the research Chinese, a plum of gold, the meat Grass regiment of meaning bear comparison with perhaps Red Chamber Dream. Because the gorgeous feeling novel reflected the person's reality, learning the strong fetter to express to the Sung Dynasty reason the strong dint sprung, reflecting the myriad shapes the conflict of the new old culture and blend, also reflected the people's more widespread sex mental state. We are many hard find out in other historical data or can not remember clearly Chu's problem, thought of, idea of, cultural of, life of, customs of, can go to gorgeous feeling novel in look for, the gorgeous feeling novel provides for us to enrich of, vivid, typical model of individual cases. The next in order, express the understanding value in literature. We think, the literature make is also a building at the quantity, the article a different novel on of, didn't be inferior also the doesn't matter is excellent. The gorgeous feeling novel matches the basic characteristic of the literature, there is typical model environment, model personalities, the typical model affairs, expressing certain novelthought and the literature idea of the systems. The gorgeous feeling novel it will give person with pleasant impression, it contributes to sex imagination, releasing sex of the individual and society to suppress slowly, sex depressed problem. Read the gorgeous feeling novel acquires a kind of not normal way of sex pleasant sensation alone, the mental feeling and mental state that have the latent treachery stimulates to satisfy, having to appreciate beauty to enjoy originally. Therefore," snow night closes door to read the officially banned book" becomes one of some" enjoy happy event" with so-called private doctor of feudal ages. The gorgeous feeling novel also changed the aim idea and the literature traditions of the literature, enriching the topic of the novel, molding a large quantity to succeed true person image, among them have a lot of literature works with very high art, satisfy the public the cultural need, to sexual love of literature the expression made the valuable quest. Say on this meaning, have no a plum of gold, have no Red Chamber Dream.The gorgeous feeling novel still has the special caution meaning. The sociology house, medical worker, writer, educational circles, sex learns the expert to usually remind or warn the government, sex is what outside dint a kind of instinct is and can inhibit of, blocking up the proper way, it walk inclined way; The normal sex need can not get satisfy the hour will lead this kind of desire toward forked road;Sex scientific knowledge can't spread, the yellow culture is inevitable to spread widely. Precept be, since Ming Manchu Dynasty, a great deal of fad of civil pornography painting, Dirty , the color feeling novel is in fact and exactly to a kind of reaction of the asceticism. 3, Realistic meaning of the gorgeous feeling novel research The gorgeous feeling novel is a kind of special history cultural phenomenon, the Cover up gets up, hides, all is not a wise way; Clearly admit this cultural phenomenon, know this kind of literature phenomenon objectively, analytical, adjudicate this kind of novel body type to appear inevitability is worth with history meaning, literature, regard as a literature inheritance, the cultural inheritance to it, inquiry into its aggressive meaning and negative influences, then can treat it enough and with accuracy, treat its dissemination, treat its control, treat it be subjected to many carry on the leading and promote.The sexual love is the mankind's important contents within life. The literature wants to reflect the life, certainly canning not get away from to have sexual love the depiction. But, how control the proper restraint, how melt the soul of the time spirit, person into go to the machine of, instinct of, the depiction of the sexual desire go to, have been a focus, a little bit hot problem that is engaged in the not good confidence of the literature creations. The gorgeous feeling novel provided experience for us and teach, saying the thought, creating the subject and appreciating beauty the interest since the childhood, arriving the story mode, person image, the language art, all giving we with very deep understanding and inspire very greatly. Know for us Red Chamber Dream, Speak the cabin of the story an outstanding work of etc. and Ming and Qing absolute beings are evil, a lifetime feeling, historical novel etc. The sex in the novel describe, the knowing for the us that the literary the circles of the today last the winds the and clouds the changes the doctrine, the current of the thought of the myriad the shapes of the Fantasy the and the desire of the a great the deal of the performance person the that it the appear to the include the oversexed work, is helpful doubtless.At follow today of the information society, be like the control and managements of the ware, website for those color love letter books, art objects, sounds, is also a government a very rigorous work currently. The governmental biggest advantage is a control, the compulsive that it can use the administration, repress the thing deluge of the color feeling. But, the color feeling is a surging flood, block up, is not an only one way. We discuss the gorgeous feeling novel existent and inevitable, the discussion contain Qing generation is novelistic to the gorgeous feeling of forbid to ruin, the purpose is for the study to resolve this problem to provide an understanding and consider the angle. Make people the center, admit sexual love since have the society, is also the person's instinct, the education of sex that grasp the dissemination of sex scientific knowledge all alone, grasp to satisfy the people the production of the mental and demanding literature art object, grasp the porn raid all alone, tolerate and draw up to make to combine together, fight to combine together with leading, the flexibility manages to control with market to combine together, two legs walk, two hands all want to grasp, the result is probably much better.4. the method that the gorgeous feeling novel research should adoptMust stand research angle in the history culture, treats the attitude of the cultural inheritance with the Marxism, the exactitude treats this research object of gorgeous feeling novel, trying hard for to see the essence through the phenomenon, holding the characteristic, essence and regulations of the gorgeous feeling novel deeply completely a feature that describes the ;Should still be fix attention on in the history and logics to unify, surmount the research object put under certainly of the politics, economy, the cultural history background investigation, not the history stage ground examines the research object; To have the higher visual field, put the gorgeous feeling novel to put especially in culture, literature develop process to make the research fixed position in the public's cultural interest, Chinese and Foreign cultural current of thought, and pay attention to the analysis of the influence of the cultural current of thought specially; To use the theories analysis and texts originally the method that case study combine together, learn with the sociology, psychology, sex, cultural anthropology, ethnology etc. the theories result and research method, culture, the literature phenomenon combine nowadays, use to investigate the methods, such as the data analysis and an analysis, etc., go to inference its culture value and the literature position, and they develop the exertive function make and the serious social negative influence for bring towards spreading to accept culture with.This thesis is a square one that exceeds directed by my tutor. The problem discussed is still very superficial in brief. There are still many to be further considered.