The Study On Song

"Miscellaneous notes(bi-ji,笔记)" is a kind of trivial writing written by prose. This form of writing emerged very early. It is recognized as an independent genre whose quantity and quality entered a new phase at Song-dynasty. In the past studies, however, bi-ji were always neglected, because they were regarded as idle-chats and belong to "xiao-shuo 小说)" category. Even the writers themselves didn't pay any more attention on these works. And the researchers of later generations just attach importance to the value of data, but did not take any more interests upon bi-ji genre itself as the type of writing.This dissertation attempts to approach which kind of historical significance to the fact that Song-dynasty literati chose to write bi-ji Does the bi-ji itself mean anything? Generally in terms of bi-ji, it not only include unofficial history, anecdotes of literati and officialdom, but also imply critical comment of poem works, and geographical and natural conditions, life styles and social customs of a place, record of travel, and scientific mention. Immediately, bi-ji is cross over the boundary of the literature and non-literature, the fact and the fiction, and narrative, lyric writing, critical essay. Specially, this dissertation is attention with "Free miscellaneous notes (随笔杂记)" , because I suppose that they reflect the characteristics of Song-dynasty bi-ji writing. Previously Song-dynasty, bi-ji works were written according to the fact that of objective reality and description of an outstanding personage, but a while, in Song-dynasty numerous bi-ji were written based on writer's experiences, opinions and feelings. Its stylistics transformed that from fill in description of historical gap to performance characteristic with personal selfish life by Song-dynasty literati.This dissertation is divided two parts.Part I deals with general problems about bi-ji form itself. The writer studied the newly entered literati-stratum at Song-dynasty. They had background of growth, life style, mode of thinking which were different from previously period. Those factors lead to transformation in style and content, and had made its characteristic of bi-ji. Especially, a many works have content about attachment of examination, women, material, the subtle relationship of party conflict, and the common people's life style and religious belief. Through these course we would find out the understanding of bi-ji in Song-literati's mind.