Out Of The Knowledge On The Plight Of The Way

The essence of so-called The Problem of Theory of Knowledge in the traditional western philosophy is the problem of the constituting of knowledge in its entirety. It is the theoretical problem when human reason answers this question: How is human knowledge possible? Although The Problem of Theory of Knowledge began with Plato, it didn't get its proper meaning until Descartes who formally set up the dual opposition between subject and its object. Along with The Problem of Theory of Knowledge had been put forward, the western philosophy fell into a difficult position at the same time. Since then, to seek a way for solving the problem and a way out from the trouble of theory of knowledge has become the secret longing of the whole western philosophy. However, the try didn't achieve any actual break through till Hume. The reasons accounting for the results are complicated. Nevertheless, a fundamental reason is that, nearly all philosophers before Hume only paid attention to the present and blindly had the greatest esteem for rationality, while ignoring the absent and played down on the consciousness of the absent, particularly on imagination. Hume attempts to reverse this trend, which has a far-reaching influence on the coming western philosophy, especially on Kant and Husserl.Therefore, this dissertation to be accomplished such an important aim as elucidating that the three philosophers, Hume, Kant and Husserl opened up a new direction of exploring a way out of the predicament of theory of knowledge in the history of western philosophy as they seek for resolving the western traditional The Problem of Theory of Knowledge through putting forward a certain theory of imagination.In fact, Hume is the first philosopher to break the old idea of imagination originated from Plato in the history of western philosophy. He was conscious of what the essence of The Problem of theory of knowledge lies in, and believed only can we solve the problem through touching the absent and constituting the entirety of knowledge by imagination. Hume unmasked the rationalism's duplicity with his characteristic tension way of skepticism. As a result he not only justified imagination as a kind of consciousness, but also gave it the fundamental position in all human knowledge, and opening up a new direction of solving the problem. But Hume's theory of imagination bears some limitations of both skepticism and psychologism.The direct purpose for Kant to advance his theory of knowledge is to justify rationality and metaphysics through taking up a struggle on two fronts: against Hume's skepticism and against dogmatic rationalism. In Kant, the concrete form of The Problem of theory of knowledge in the traditional western philosophy was changed into the problem of the form of understanding and the sensible intuition, going through and connecting each other, which contained in all human knowledge...