Study On Human Development Under The Circumstances Of Economic Globalization

Human development is an old but evergreen issue. In Marxism idea, human is social, and the essence of human is the summation of all the social relations. So, development of human depends on social practice, and dialectically united with social development. Nowadays, human has entered into an economic globalized era. The changes of social conditions inevitably influence human development. Based on research of foreign and domestic scholars, from the view and by approach of Marxist historic materialism, this paper tries to construct basic theoretic framework of human development under the condition of economic globalization, starting with discovery of relevant thoughts of human development and theories of world history and so on in Marxism classical works.The whole paper consists of seven chapters. The part of introduction briefly introduce the purpose, train of thought, content and approach of the paper. The first chapter of" The Course of Human Development" explores the dialectical unity of human and social development, while the former is the core and highest aim of the latter. It traces the history of people's considerations on human development, analyses the legend of thinkers from ancient Greece. Marx and Engles carried on predecessors' conduct and make a scientific exposition of doctrine of human development. They think human development has a comprehensive connotation ; human is the combination of individuak collective and category, thus, human development respectively appears as development of individuak group and category; human has natural and social nature, the development of human should be illustrated by the degree of freedom from the nature,society and human themselves. Human development is a conscious historical proceeding which appears a gradual trend from low level to high level, experienced from "dependant relationship of human " to "independence of human based on physical dependence", and then steps to a period of "free and all-round developing ".The second chapter titled as "Economic Globalization: Numerous and Complicated Time and Place in the Developing of Human", generally explores the essence of economicglobalization and how it influences human development. At present, economic globalization is an inqueriable fact and a gradual progress with self-contradictory. The globalization of market economy and information spreading are the most significant marks of economic globalization. But economic globalization is not simple progress of economic movement. From macro view, it is the inevitable outcome of development of world productivity > division of labor and association, so has progressiveness and historical inevitability. But from micro view, it is a procedure dominated by the advanced capitalist countries to safeguard their benefits and values. The attack it brings to political and economic order and ideology is not only all-sided but also profound. It has great and double significance and plays both positive and negative roles to human development.The third chapter "Human Development and Division of the North and the South for Unequal Distribution of Wealth" concretely discusses the influence of the division of the North and the South for unequal distribution of wealth on human development, and the reaction and consideration of human. There are unconcealable distance and inequality in our world. Especially in the past 20 years, the distance of economy between the North and the South is trending to be enlarged. This is objective result of economic globalization. The developing countries are passively brought into economic globalization because their development speed is slowing down, with the increasing external debt and crises of population and grain. This phenomenon has complicated historical and practical causes, which not ruling out unfair and unreasonable international economic order in the progress of economic globalization. The imbalance of economy between the North and the South make great influence on global politics^ culture and even ecology and so on. Meanwhile, for most people , the aspects closely related to human such as education employment> income ^ health, and so on , have become more uncertain and unsafe. How to change the status que? Developing countries try to change it by reformation, actively taking part in economic globalization, so as to become prosperous and powerful. International governmental and non-governmental organizations should also give full play to safeguard the right to develop of the developing countries in order to fulfill the common development of the whole human being gradually.The forth chapter "Value Conflicts and Human Development" concretely inquires into the influence of value conflict with economic globalization on human development and the consideration and countermeasure of human. Value conflict is a historic process. With the economic globalization carries to a new stage, contacts among people become more and more frequent in wider and wider scope. Meanwhile, a variety of value propagation styles allows appearance of all kinds of values, and make the conflicts between different values appears all-sidedly and more intense. Conflicts of values lead to two results: one is that there comes limited value common approval which characterized as compulsory n unoveralh temporary; another is that there comes lose of value in the whole world, appears as cultural degeneration^ morally corruption and unprecedented value confusion, which caused by enlarging distance between the rich and the poor , the coexistence of hegemonism and extreme nationalism. No matter the idea of "general value" or that of "Asian value" is somewhat reasonable, but also impractible. The real way out lies in construction of reasonable value system, protection of variety in development, and research of coexistent and mutually prosperity.The fifth chapter " Information Society and Human Development" specifically discusses the influence of information society on human development and human's consideration and countermeasure. Nowadays, strengthening role of information in social production and lives leads to the result that information web has become fundamental technique support of modern society, and human society which has gradually entered into an information society, which is the presupposition and foundation of economic globalization. Under the shock of economic globalization and rapid popularization of modern information technique, there are extremely profound changes in many areas and aspects of political and cultural structures ,and so on .What merits further discussion is that the development of information technique in a unprecedented effort and speed, is changing the style of human's existence n communication and thinking, and values, and plays a inestimable role to human development. Of course, this is a kind of double role. The key to the problem is construction of information rules. Education must go fist, for information world is such a completely new world that most people have no enoughpreparation in thoughts and knowledge. Meanwhile, perfected legislation and moral rules of information society should be constructed, in order to give people a product standard to follow, as well as to initiate moral self-consciousness among the subjects of information, so that it can exactly serve for human existence and development.The sixth chapter " Modernization in China and Human Development" particularly discusses the basic status of social and human development of China in the background of economic globalization and how to react to it to promote human development in all round way. Economic globalization grows in pace with modernization, and both of them are dominated by the advanced capitalist countries. So, many developing countries, including China, which devote to fulfill social transformation and construction of modernization, have gains as well as unreasonable costs in the process. Face to the change and challenge brought by economic globalization, Chinese chose a way to socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics. But our country is still in the primary stage of socialism, so there are a lot of unbeneficial factors. Human development in China is in a period described by Marx of transition from the second historic formation to the third. In order to be suitable to modernization construction, modernization of human must be fulfilled at first. So, at present, our country should actively participate in economic globalization process, fasten our socialist modernization construction; try our best to promote fully human development.The seventh chapter is titled "Exploration on Possibility of Human Development under the Circumstances of Economic Globalization". A lot of thinkers have made theoretic criticizes and exploration on various crises exist in the development of modern society. These theories of social criticism support ideology preparation for human development under the circumstance of economic globalization. This chapter makes a further and overall exploration and thinks, although it is numerous and complicated, economic globalization still affords a grand space for human development under the condition of it, human has gradually castled off different nationalities and regions, actually connected with the practice activities of the whole world. This is beneficial to utilize positive result of global practice activities, so as to make great development of socialproductivity, which plays as objective foundation of human development. Besides transnational company, the subjects of present economic globalization include nation stateN international organization > and individual. As the subject of economic globalization, human can mould and control in some aspects, rather than be in a state of inertia and passively accept to burden the negative influence of economic globalization. It is important guarantee of human development in new period, in which the former rules and codes have been impossible to bring normal effect under new social circumstances, and must be reformed and blazed new trails.