| The writing of Chinese children's literature history began in the 1980s' when" rewriting literature history " slogan put forward in adults' literature field, but only afew works till today, even nobody studies the writing of children's literature history.The existing works belong to "historical data type", and "neo-Democratism" as itstheory framework, they embody sharp-cut political standard when choose, elucidateand evaluate children's literature phenomenon. This narration model not onlyblemishes aesthetic essence of literature, but also obscures the original state ofchildren's literature history in different degree. Basing on full and accurate historicaldata, this paper aims at explore new angle and method for children's literature writing,and constructs more objective and logical value for children's literature history, at thesame time, through thorough reading relevant texts, reveals the new vision of modernchildren's literature history in china.On the junction of "childhood as a kind of culture hypothesis" and "children'sliterature is both literature text and culture text", the paper introduces "culturalstudies " into children's literature history writing for the first time, which surpassesthe political framework of "non-literature", and surpasses parochial model of"pure-literature" as well.Simultaneously, the paper probes into the concrete combination model of"cultural studies" as "outer study" for literature and "inner study", and realizesfull-sided, objective and reasonable elucidation and value orientation of children'sliterature phenomenon without eliminating or replacing aesthetic judgment ofchildren's literature.After carding the logical relation of children conception and children's literatureconception, children conception and children's literature history writing, the authorputs forward her own children's literature history conception: children's literaturehistory is expression of children art aesthetic form, as a token of children conceptionand is confined to children conception development, a kind of literal historydeveloping in process and connection. Children conception as the value referencesystem, the paper fully embodies the dialectic relation of children's literature andcultural ideology.The paper also analyzes the " historical standard" and " aesthetic standard" ofchildren's literature, and points out a good many "traps" in its application. The paperdoubts about "sole rationality" in "historical standard", approves keeping sustainingdialogue relation in "vision amalgamation", respects the difference of aestheticpsychology of different era, finds the combination form and possibility of restructure,and explain the existing status reasonably. At the same time, considering the specialrelation of "aesthetic standard" and "conveying Tao", "educational quality", theauthor puts forward her own opinion of "which kind of Tao conveyed" and "how toconvey Tao",she advocates the organic combination of "historical standard" and"aesthetic standard", and adheres to a kind of " classical " ideal in children's literaturehistory.In addition, in the concrete analysis of children's literature phenomenon, thepaper refers to the vision and method of narration-logy, child acceptance aesthetics,child psychology, child pedagogy and other relevant subjects, and makescomprehensive analysis in specific context, thus "illuminate" the study object ofdifferent level and degree, and realizes a new kind of profound aesthetic elucidation.According to the " time transect which is dominated by norm, standard andhabitual system", the paper confirms the phase of children's literature history;regardschildren conception as value reference system, grasps the characteristics of children'sliterature in different phases, chooses the most typical children's literaturephenomenon as content.The paper is divided into five parts: preface, the first chapter, the second chapter,the third chapter and the summary.The preface: introduces the research and writing status of Chinese children'sliterature history, analyze the existing problems and puts forward personal opinion,puts forward new research angle and method, makes children conception as referencesystem, constructs the paper's children's literature history view, and analyze" historical standard" and "aesthetic standard".The first chapter: Chinese modern children's literature can be traced back to lateQing dynasty and the beginning of Mingo. The translation and introduction of "childnovel", the poet creation in the form of "school ballad", the translation and edition offable and fairy tales, embodies the difference of literature acceptance ability andreading interest between children and adults, and gradually considers the reader'scharacteristics. However, the springboard of "consideration" is not the need of childaesthetic need, it only impress the child skillfully. But these "sermon" such as science,adventure, patriotic, as the basic making of "new citizen", embodies certain timecharacteristics. The children cast off the identity of " son obey father", as the " futurecitizen", acquire equal social status with adults, this kind of " child view" has moderntang. The children, who undertake the same social responsibility, become the focus ofinitiatory education. In this sense, the practice and advocacy of children's literature inlate Qing Dynasty and beginning of Mingo, is not because "children need literature"but " literature needs children", modern children's literature is still in development. Inthe beginning of Mingo, the fairy tales and nursery rhymes study which are writtenand made by Zhou Zuoren, used the methods of folklore and children-logy, hiseducational view of " children-centered " and fairy tales theory which were based ongenuine children's literature had modern characteristics, but because it was tooadvanced to be noticed. Through the analysis of edition and translation characteristics,features and value standard of novels, fairy tales, fables and songs, the paper findsthat people's cognition of children's literature is "general", and suppose that children'sacceptance of literature ability is low;the difference between children and adults isnot qualitative, but to degree, children literature should "be easier to read andunderstand". The hypothesis also proves that children and their literature wereregarded as "shrunken adults" and "simplified adults literature", it doesn't touch theessence of children and their literature, and modern children literature is still ingermination.The second chapter: During May 4th literary movement phase, children'sliterature ushers in the most prosperous childhood. "Child-centered" becomes the"keyword" of theory and creation, and fully respects, comply and satisfy children'sliterature aesthetic need, emphasizes the difference of children and their literature andadults and their literature, confirms and enhances the modern quality of childrenliterature.The third chapter: During the 1930s' to 1940's, children's literature developed intough condition. After the May 4th literary movement, the subsequent revolution andanti-Japanese war made children's literature " garden" into "battlefield". " proletariatyoung fighter", "little hero for anti-Japanese" and miserable "waifs" underimperialistic aggression were the heroes in works of that time. The difference betweenchildren and adults is neglected, and emphasized that children should take on thesame social responsibility and historic mission with adults. Stylistically, science-literature and novels for children broke the silence of previous period, and got drasticprogress;fairy tales, poems and drama had new characteristics, which were differentfrom previous period. The theme and subject matter were closely related, throughdirect or indirect tact, reflected, symbolized, alluded or satirized the real aim. Thoughthere were rough works, but on the whole, the works proved with its own creationfeats: children's literature could interfere real politic in proper form, and play thefunction of propagation, encourage and education, which couldn't reduce its artistry,in fact they could interact each other. What's more, because of the active interventionof politic and history, children's literature acquired a kind of strength and dignityunder certain culture context. During this period, "child-centered" existed in recessiveway, considered children's interests, hobby and appreciation character in literaturecreation. Without such "consideration", children's literature couldn't realize theabove-mentioned function when it intervened politics. But the "Value unit" such asinterests, hobby and appreciation, which belonged to children's literature during May4th literary movement, was used as " tact" during this period, became the artifice inrealizing the function of propagation, encourage and education. This chapter cards andclassifies many books, reveals the succession and change of art through comparingwith the relevant style of the previous two periods, and put forward new opinions.Summary: since late Qing Dynasty and beginning of Mingo to May 4th literarymovement to 1930's to 1940's, children undergoes the change from " little citizen" to" little savage" to " little hero" and " little host". The successive word of" nation-centered", "child-centered", " society-centered" and "revolution-centered"incarnate the progress of children's literature and culture context. Thecontroversy—" who-centered" reflect two opposite thinking model, the paper attemptto introduce a now kind of theoretical word, i.e., children's literature can be" intersubjectivity", it doesn't reflect the opposition of children and adults, subject andobject, on the contrary, it reflects the equal relation between subjects, subjects andobjects. This embodies the inter-respects, inter-subjects, and dialogue relation onequal base, which is the hope of Chinese child literature.
|
PDF Full Text Request