The Spreading Recorded In The Study

Chin-shih teng-k'o lus 进士登科录 [records of the ascension to chin-shih 进士(literatus presented to the emperor for appointment)rank on the civil palace examination],were records of real object instance that civil service exam system had left. Chin-shih teng-k'o lus of Ming Dynasty are primitive documents about civil service exams of Ming Dynasty. They have got very important value for study of persons and history of Ming Dynasty, civil service exam system history ,etc.The foreword gives a brief introduction to the study purpose ,significance, method and concerning materials of the thesis.This text included two parts: the first part inquired into themselives' study of the Ming Dynasty Chin-shih teng-k'o lus, and the second part reached about the relation with the other documents concerning chin-shihs of Ming Dynasty. Each part divides four chapters.The first part inquired into themselives' origin and the developmental course, publish, format in printing,construction style of chin-shih teng-k'o lus, " postpone to the Palace Examinations"告殿"make false report of age"官年,"Policy Questions and answers "时务策 and the other essence contents, their value of document and their social cultural influence at that time .Chapter One,talked about themselives' origin and the developmental course.Chin-shih teng-k'o jis 进士登科记 had been since Shenlong 神龙 to Tianbao 天宝(705—756) of Tang Dynasty 唐朝 lately.But they were only collected Chin-shih materials, not turely Chin-shih teng-k'o lus. The turely Chin-shih teng-k'o lus had begun since Dazhong shih-yi-nien of Tang Xuan zong 唐宣宗大中十一年(857) The system succeed by Song Dynasty and the later dynasty just like Yuan ,Ming and Ch'ing Dynasty. In addition, chin-shih teng-k'o lus' publishing, format in printing,construction style of should be talken about.ChapterTwo, inquired into themselvies' content of the chin-shih teng-k'o lus in Ming Dynasty.First,"postpone to the Palace Examinations"is that there several chin-shihs may be postponed to Palace Examinations after they had gone through the Metropolitan Examinations just because their parents' death or themselives' health problem, etc. This phenomenon was very universally in Ming Dynasty. The chin-shihs could commonly made up for the Palace Examinations in later examination's years 科年.Second,about"make false report of age", this phenomenon had been existed more than one thousand years since Song Dynasty at least. It was very universally in Ming Dynasty, especially in the years of Wan-li 万历,Tien-ch'i 天启 and Ch'ung-chen 崇祯 three Reign Period of later Ming Dynasty.It became very seriously just because of the age of chin-shihs were constrained when they want to be selected for many better official position by examinations.Third,about "Policy Questions and answers",based on many chin-shih teng-k'o lus,the author make a form.It is made according to sequence of the time of the imperial examinations.including the main ideas and the abstracts of the Policy Questions of the Palace Examinations 殿试 of every examination's years in Ming Dynasty.The content of the Policy Questions can be classified as military problems,economic problems.controdition and peasant revolts,resisting Buddhism and Taoism,reforming the families of the emperors,etc.We can see that the Policy Questions and answers are valuble historical materials closely related to the society of Ming Dynasty. Forth,about the other content study,including chin-shihs'name, marital status ,etc.ChapterThree,about their documental value of chin-shih teng-k'o lus.in Ming Dynasty. They had got the extremely important meaning in document learning, especially on Ming-shi ( BJ $L}and Ming-shi-lu {RM^ik} .But chin-shih teng-k'o lus had several objective localization in fact.Chapter Four,about their social cultural influence at that time. They produced the very big influence to the social culture in Ming Dynasty: they seeped through in political activity, folks living, the notes, novels, dramas, verses,etc. literature works.The second part primarily discussed the relation about the chin-shih teng-k'o lus with the other documents concerning chin-shihs of Ming Dynasty.lt included the Chin-shih t'ung-nien hi(i2±|5l^3^ (record of chin-shih graduates of the civil palace examination ) ,Chin-shih lu-li pien-lan(%!t-i:X￡.ff3$i'#L}( overview by region of backgrounds of civil chin-shih );the stone tablets of the chin-shih's names iftdr?^5$ in Ming Dynasty, Kuo-chao li-k'o ti-ming pei-lu ch'u-chi(appendix all the examinations' years from Hung-wu to Ch'ung-chen of Ming Dynasty ) (SI §8 ffj &M%l$5k%}%k ? PftHJ^^M#^#^|-^ , (record of the stone tablets of the Chin-shih's names of Ming and Ch'ing Dynasty) Ming-Ch'ing chin-shih ti-ming pei-lu suo-yin (Bj$§3&dbJl!il￡5$ %% 31 > \Huang-Ming chin-shih teng-k'o k'ao (J|HJ!i4±l￡*4# 1, Huang-Ming kung-chU k'ao,(￡.ty%1￡%}JLei-xingteng-k'ok'ao<%&%^}Md many Ti-fang-chih Hk^T*(the history books of province,district or county.etc) .We concluded that chin-shih teng-k'o lus of Ming Dynasty were of authority and very dependable .These documents 'advantages supplemented with each other.