Looking For Return To The Road

Since the birth of Marxist philosophy, it was kept in the course of being distorted and reread. Lukacs spent all his life trying to rectify what he thought as the secularization and misinterpret of Marxist philosophy, and brought forward the slogan"return to Marx", which embodied both in History and class consciousness in the earlier years and To ontology of social being in his later years. In the book To ontology of social being which he didn't finish, Lukacs took labors as the foundation and noumenon of Marxist philosophy. From this foundation, he analyzed the phenomenon of social being, such as ideology, alienation etc, which stressed the teleological characters of social being. The dissertation focuses on Lukacs'thoughts of ontology of social being.The first chapter discusses about: ontology, the core of philosophy; the revolution Marx brought in the field of ontology of social being; the clarifying of Marx's philosophical ontology by Lukacs. By the review of philosophical history and reality, we have found that ontology is the immanent sprit of philosophy. With the view of philosophy as the marrow of cultural spirit and the transcendental thinking mode, ontology is exactly the embodiment of the characteristic. Marxist philosophy as the philosophical revolution also embodies in its ontology. The discussion about the ontology of Marxist philosophy, which began from 1990's, still hasn't ended. Most scholars have recognized that Marxism owns its own ontology. Because of the different comprehensions of noumenon, there are different theories about Marxist ontology, such as"theory of origin","theory of logic","theory of objectivity", and"theory of praxis". However, there are still some scholars who believe that the Marxist revolution embodies in its negation and rejection of ontology and Marxism has no its own ontology. We believe, the birth of Marxist philosophy is a revolution in philosophical history, which takes praxis as the first and fundamental opinion, and grasps the ontological function of praxis, so it realizes the revolutionary change in ontology of social being. Lukacs thinks that the ontology of Marxist philosophy is the ontology of social being. He classified being into natural being and social being. The former includes inorganic nature and organic nature, while the latter includes all historical things based on natural being. In the premise of accepting the fundamental function of economic foundation in the social being, Lukacs also stressed the teleological and axiological characteristic of...