The Single Mind And Perfect Doctrine

In the end of Five Dynasties,the Chinese Buddhism was in the difficult time. Buddhist schools declined, except that ,only the South Zen developed .But in the Zen development process, it lost the objective environment and the restriction, mixed of goodness and badness.The phenomenon was more serious day by day,in fact it intensified the Buddhism's crisis.During early Song Dynasty, the long-term fission situation had finished, the new unified aspect had already formed. The earlier period of the China feudal society had turned into the later period. where Buddhism should go became stern topic ,which the people could not be avoided.Yongming Yanshou (904—975) insisted that the"single-mind"was the basis of all the Buddhist schools, advocated "the pofect doctrine".He tried "to teach the religious doctrine catered to changed the objective environment by newly the circle".This kind of " pofect doctrine"and " single -mind" saying, had not only absorbed with conformity the Buddhism thoughts of Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties completely, compromised at that time in Buddhism as well as Buddhism and common custom society's each kind of contradiction, weakened Zen's wrong,made Buddhism the appearance which unfolded in the new words scene, but also ,had made the later generation China Buddhism to the deffent pattern ; At the same time, it had also developed the research field of mind which the Buddhism tradition discussed, affected the Song Dynasty Neo-Confucianism to study the"mind".How to discuss and introduce the Buddhism thoughts in this connotation; How to explanat the Buddhism's self- accent suitable ability under different world;How to inspect objectively the reconsidering Zen thoughts'connotation and its development course; How to grasp the traditional Confucianism comprehensively and realize the cultural context which transforms? Not only is our generation"s responsibility, but also is the task to research the appraisal, the inheritance as well as the development traditional culture.This article attempts to stand in the objective standpoint, to take the" single -mind"and"the pofect doctrine " as the basic point, to analysis the Buddhism thought and special characteristic of Yanshou ;promulgates the statue of Yanshou in the Chinese Zen history, and the Buddhism history, even the philosophy history. This article divides into five parts:The first chapter discusses Yanshou and his Buddhism thought production background. The Buddhism thought of Yanshou has the bright individual color and the time characteristic. On the one hand, it was the real portraya of Yanshou's life; Another aspect, it was the inevitable product which Buddhism develops, the intrinsic request that the China feudal period removed towards the unification by the fissionThe second chapter discusses the "Single-mind". The "Single-mind" is the theory cornerstone of Yanshou. Through the discussion to"WEISHI" and"WEIXIN", distinguish the mind, the knowledge level extremely relates, he attempted to close disposition two in the disposition question difference; Through the discussion to "XINTI"and "LITI" inspection,he let Buddhism all religious doctrines with belongs to the Zen's mind; Through the discussion to"JIANXING"and"MINGXIN",he put "the sincerity theory" finally fall on the tangible,had Buddhism unfold some kind of new style in the practice. Yanshou"s new annotation which discussed to the Buddhism disposition, in the very great degree, melted Buddhism in " Mind "on difference and the conflict, had compromised Zen in the righteousness principle contradiction.The third chapter discusses"the perfect doctrine".Yanshou tried hard to make "the single-mind" into"the perfect doctrine". He absorbed all Buddhism sect, weakened the prevalent abuses, overcame between rational and belief confronting caused Buddhism thoroughly to step to concretely enters the world practice. We believe that, What Yanshou emphasized " the sudden enlightenment", "Wan Shan Tong Gui" is: First is the Chinese inherent universal thought format causes; Second is the latent region background as well as reveals in oneself studies raises causes ;Third, the common custom righteousness which undertakes to the Chinese Buddhism survival condition sober consciousness——China monk audiences must be bigger than it by far the privilege which obtains as the religious clergy, achieves Buddhahood the road to follow the rule . Although, this had made the zen into "the mind school", but, this method actually adapted changed the words scene, impelled Buddhism's continuation development.The fourth chapter discusses the characteristic of Yanshou's thought. It is clear that, Yanshou's thought was from Chengguan,Zongmi, Wenyi and so on.we try to clarify them in the thought. We believe that, under the different linguistic environment, actually they were attempting the different study pattern. This article takes Zongmi as an example to discuss the characteristic of Yanshou.The fifth chapter discusses the historical influence of Yanshou. On the one hand, in the Buddhism unceasing Common custom advancement, he opened the prologue which later generation Buddhism developed, even "the world Buddhism" also constituted a more tremendous influence to the modern times, simultaneously, this kind of excessively Common custom tendency had accelerated the Buddhism decline. On the other hand,"the Single-mind"was to the disposition principle, the essence and the debates.In fact , it was to the Chinese tradition Buddhism's depth reconsidering, to the Chinese tradition theory of human nature centralism introspection,had affected the Song Dynasty Neo-Confucianism to discuss the"mind".