| Commodities are products of labor aimed to exchange and are able to meet people's needs. As a commodity, works of art have the dual property of both value and value in use just like general merchandise. Commodity art is also a product of a certain period of historical era, and it will develop along with the development of society. Nowadays, economic globalization has brought great changes to the culture and the arts industry, and the globalization trend is especially apparent in the art market. China, India, the Middle East and Russia as the representative of the emerging art market are active, developing rapidly and has become a hot market in addition to New York and London art market outside Europe and the United States. In particular, the art market in China has continued to heat up since 2000 and art prices have increased rapidly. However, in 2008 affected by the economic situations, Chinese arts have continued to face embarrassment and cold market in New York, London and Hong Kong Tour auctions. This phenomenon is especially prominent in 2006 and 2008 when the price sudden surged in the first half year and plunged in the second half of 2008. The reason why the art market goes up and down so abruptly is of course closely connected with the overall economic situation, as well as the imperfections of the development of the art market. Many so-called "original" works of art have less idea of their location and less character of showing themselves, revealing a kind of impetuous culture of state. A large number of consumers are lack of knowledge of art and value judgments; they invested blindly and led to the market a "bubble" phenomenon. Based on the popular international point of view of those days, the price of works of art seems no longer to be determined by the value, but rather to determine its value by its price. Once the artistic value of works of art deviated from its price, the true value of works of art will easily be overlooked. Thus, in the particular environment combined competition in the market economy mechanism and the pursuit of economic efficiency as character, it is instructive and practically significant to investigate and explore the theory on the value of the art works and operating mechanism of art market. With Marx's labor theory of value as a guide, this thesis is aimed to research and investigate the theory of art value and theory of how to realize the market value of artworks.In chapterâ… , the introduction part introduced the research background, theoretical orientation and its practical significance of this thesis, the basic conditions of art theory of value conducted by domestic and foreign scholars were also included. It's pointed out that the content of Marx's labor theory of value provides a rich theoretical resources for research of the value of artworks. The guiding ideology of the thesis, research methods and research ideas were described in this part, as well as a brief overview of the framework of the article and its basic elements.Chapter II was dedicated to summarize and analyze the basic points of Marxist theory on value of commodity, which included the concept of labor, the duality of labor produce commodity and their mutual relations. First, it's pointed out that when investigating on the commodity, Marx repeatedly referred to the Bible, books, paintings and works of art as a production of a special commodity, that were, spiritual products, also were subject to commodity economic laws during the whole process from production to consumption. In conclusion, the artwork of an artist, which is the production of labor, becomes a commodity and has a common feature of general merchandise, once it goes into circulation and deviates from producers ultimately. Second, the value of artworks and its two determining factors were analyzed. According to the logic analysis of Marx on two factors of commodities and the theory of commodity exchange value, it was argued that the artworks has the dual property of value and value in use as general merchandise; the value of art is the unity of the two determining factors. Next, the special function of art was analyzed. It was believed that artworks was not only a special state of substance, but as a commodity, it is also a special form of goods. Comparing to general commodity, works of art is special for its individuality, creativity, durability and it can not be copied, embodies the artist's high-level harmony of energy work. It is just this unusual commodity specific performance that makes it recognized for its social meaning and existing value by the commercial economic society.In Chapter III, utilizing the principles of Marx's theory of labor value, the author investigated artworks as a special commodity from following aspects, production and labor process, the determining factor on the value of artworks. First, utilizing Marxist labor theory of value on the concept of labor, theory of the duality of labor in producing goods and their relationship, the authors investigated the form and the content of labor duality of art, labor form, and labor characteristics. It's pointed out that the labor process of art refers to the whole process during which the laborer use all means of artistic work for processing, morphological transforming and value-creating process. The labor process of artworks is also the process of producing the fruits of labor, just like the labor process of general merchandise. However, due to labor in the process of art given by the physical and chemical carrier is invisible, its value is mainly reflected through the spiritual wealth, and its value is also a matter of simple physical load, so the labor process of art works is different from that of general merchandise. Second, according to the value-determining content of Marxism, the author pointed out that the value of art can only be decided by the socially necessary labor time, rather than individual labor time of works of art. What's more, the first and the second meaning of socially necessary labor time determining value were explained. The fourth chapter was guided by Marxist labor theory of value, in which the author investigated and discussed the realizing theory of value of artworks from both theory and practice. First, the law of the value of art was the basic law of economic works of art, which would not be affected by man's will. The relationship between price and value of art performance determined the creative works of art production and art market exchange trends. Second, the realization of the value of art works was analyzed from the Chinese art market's developing trend and the background of economic globalization. The art market and its composition were defined and classified; it was believed that art market was the place for exchanging art of work to meet consumer demand. Work of art is an important component of modern markets and it can be divided into different categories according to different standards. Art works from different fields, all kinds of transaction activities and strong consumer groups constitute a complete and unique art market system. The art market has the features of exchanging, regulating, serving, and competiting; art market is the way to achieve the goal of art production; it is an important platform to build a harmonious society and economic development; it is the main channel for international cultural exchanges; it is the engine of the cultural and creative industries and economic development. During the exchanging process of artworks, the overall value of works of art was achieved in accordance with the fluctuation of requirements and supply of the law of value and the art market intermediaries act means. Finally, according to the meaning of Marxist definition on commodity prices, the affecting factors of forming and changing commodity prices were analyzed. It is believed that art prices are formed in the production and circulation of creative works of art exchange, formed in the course of price identification and value realization. Art prices are mainly decided by the supply-side and demand-side, are the power to run a market economy. While the economic environment, the quality of value and market supplying and demanding are the influencing factors of price fluctuates. The movements of the market value of works of art movements were furtherly learned and understood; the art market characteristics were examined; status and role of the works of art price index were fully affirmed. The defination of art price index was explained, which reflects changes in the overall price level trends and changes in level of statistical indicators of the art market in a period of time. What's more, the most representative and influential works of art price index for the artworks which were from both domestic and overseas were tracked. Three most representive and affecting art price indice were tracked and analysized, which included the Artprice Global Index, Mei-Moses Fine Art Indices, AAMI. All these indice are composite index from the art market, art schools and artists indexes composed of the individual indices, which would provide valuable information for art market participator.In Chapter five, the author concluded and summarized the labor value in theory and practice, fully understood and affirmed the theoretical and practical significance for investigating particularity of artworks.
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