On The Theory Of Marx's Human Emancipation And Its Contemporary Value

Marx's human emancipation theory is the core, the soul and the essence of Marxist basic tenets, the theoretical foundation and support for developing and implementing the scientific concept of development, and the flag of the emancipation of mankind in the era of world history. Theoretically, to study Marx's theory of human emancipation, to reproduce the integrated features of Marxist theory, and to re-confirm the theme of Marxism and Marxist theory can provide theoretical support for what needs for Marxism with its Chinese characteristics, its keeping with the times and its popularity in order to consolidate the guiding position in the ideology. Practically, this could provide the legitimacy of the theory and the practical orientation for people-oriented social practice in contemporary China. Especially, it could provide a theoretical reference for what are people oriented. Consequently, it could restore the true mission and values to the people who have faith in and adhere to the Marxism, reconstruct the confidence in Marxism, carry on and promote the contemporary value and significance of the theory of Marx's human emancipation.The historical trace of Marx's theory of human emancipation can be divided into four periods. The first period is the germination stage, referring to the period when Rheinische Zeitung was punished and before Rheinische Zeitung. In this period, the theoretical works include Marx's texts in senior school, his doctoral dissertation and comments punished in Rheinische Zeitung. The second period is the establishment stage, referring to the writing of Franco-German Yearbook. By researching and batching of Hegel's Philosophy of Law, Marx revealed the limitation of political emancipation of the bourgeoise, proposed the noble proposition and mission of human emancipation, gave the preliminary definition of the connotation of human emancipation and achieving physical strength, mental strength. The Jewish Question and Critique of Hegel's Philosophy Introduction are the main logos of establishing human emancipation theory. The third period is all-around argument stage. Since the publishing of Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844, Marx has written a series of books, such as Holy Family, The German Ideology, Manifesto of the Communist Party,which go around the theme of emancipation of mankind casting for a whole-field argument from the perspective of different disciplines and theoretical depth. The fourth period is the in-depth development stages. The revolution of 1848 makes an important turning point in the Marx's human emancipation theory. After the reflecting France from 1848 to 1850 the class struggle, Louis Bonaparte on the 18th Brumaire, Marx's theory of human emancipation develops deeply into the argument of political economy. Das Kapital and the manuscript is the most important symbol of it. The Paris Commune in 1871 demonstrates the actual movement of the proletariat to liberate them for the first time. Almost at the same time, together with this movement, French civil war was a theoretical summary of the practice of human emancipation. In his later years, Critique of the Gotha Program reaffirms the consistent position and ideas of Marx's theory of human emancipation, which become a summary of Marx's theory of human emancipation.The logical starting point of Marx's human emancipation theory, with respect to a theoretical starting point in history, is the relationship of the civil society and the political state, and with respect to the practical starting point in history, it is the contradiction between the people's illusory equality in the political state and the people's actual inequality in the civil society. Just from this starting point, Marx has built the ideological treasury of human emancipation theory, which includes the theory of emancipation content, the theory of emancipation power, the theory of emancipation condition and the theory of emancipation process. The whole human emancipation theory of Marx is the pursuit of everyone in reality for the purpose of the emancipation and free and comprehensive development of everyone. Marx's human emancipation theory implies the methodology features which contain the unity of criticism and construction, the unity of totality and individuality, and the unity of value and scientific values.Marx's human emancipation theory carries on the enlightenment thought. The classical German philosophy and the thought resource on human emancipation theory of Utopian socialism theory achieve the historic leap. In the emancipation of the main body, it achieves the change from the abstract to the real in people; in the liberation of the road, it realizes the transition from the emancipation of the concept to the emancipation of the reality; in the theoretical perspective, it realizes the transition from idealist conception of history to the materialist conception of history. Therefore, Marx's theory of human emancipation produces a wide range of in-depth impact. In Soviet Union and China, it has put Marx's theory of human emancipation into practice of vigorous socialist revolution and the reform movement. In the Eastern European countries the neo-Marxist ideas with a significant impact has been produced. In the West, Marxism with the humanist ideas has been triggered in Western Marxism. We can not say that Marx's theory of human emancipation covers all topics of human emancipation and issues and we even can not say that all of its opinions and viewpoints are correct. However, Marx's theory of human emancipation is of the significance in the cornerstone function for the theory and the guiding role for the practice, and it is still the indispensable "critical weapons" in our age.