Western Rural Communities, Public Goods, The Farmers Self-governance

Under the background of China's building of new socialist countryside, integration of urban and rural areas of basic public services, and promoting the reform of rural irrigation works, how to effectively governance to public goods in rural areas, becomes an important issue on whether the rural public affairs can be sustainable development or not. However, how to solve this problem, on the one hand, the institutions of "one matter determined by one discussion" and "Farmer's Water Conservancy Association" it is difficult to obtain satisfactory results in practice. On the other hand, the topics of "Prisoner's Dilemma" and "Collective Action Dilemma" have been unable to be thoroughly solved in theory until now. Although we can learn from much idea to which many western scholars put forward, we cannot copy the photos with the theory made by western scholars because of the special circumstances of rural areas. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to build a more complete theoretical framework which unifies the actual situation of China's rural areas such as acquaintances'sociality, imperfect market environment and institution environment in the rural areas, and to study the problems of governance to the rural public goods from both theoretical and empirical.In view of the dilemmas of governance to rural public affairs in both practice and theory, this article, takes empowering the people and multi-central government as the basic idea and regards solving the "free rider" and other opportunistic behaviors so as to form the autonomous organization composed of self-governance to the rural community public goods as research objectives. Adhere to the theoretical assumption of rational farmers, this article; firstly, deconstructs the factors which affect farmer's self-governance and the will of the participation to the autonomous organization. These factors consist of farmer's own characteristics, situation of property rights of rural community public goods, social capital in rural area, rural governance and support from government. What's more, it constructs the theoretical framework which composes of the factors of farmer's own characteristics, situation of property rights of rural community public goods, social capital in rural area, rural governance and support from government. Secondly, by using the software of SPSS, it takes the data from the survey which has been made in the rural area of Guangxi Beibu Gulf to Logistic model's regression analysis, so as to inspect and determine the various factors in the degree of influence on farmer's self-governance and the will of participation to the autonomous organization. Finally, on the basic of combination of the theoretical and empirical results and summary of experience and problems of the existing autonomous organizations, it proposes the direction of autonomous organization for farmers:stock cooperative and corporate governance-based association of rural public affairs.The article's possible innovation lies in:firstly, it is a new idea and a bold attempt as well which takes the property rights, social capital and government's support to build up a theoretical framework through profits from the theory of self-governance and combining the actual situation of China's rural area; secondly,it in holds an assumption of rational farmer and focuses on farmer's dominant position of self-governance; thirdly, it pays special attention to the rural community public goods'property rights, classifies the rural public goods in accordance with standard of property rights and rethinks the way to realize the property rights so as to play its important incentive role. Fourthly, from the perspective of governance it carefully examines the role in supply and governance to public goods. So government should support the self-governance of farmers under the full rang in the concept of empowering the people through the indirect incentive means rather than means of direct intervention, invest human capital to farmers so as to enhance farmer's knowledge and the technical training, raise the market consciousness, increase rational consciousness and sense of participation, enhance farmers'mutual trust, cooperation and the network relation by cultivateing social capital so as to reduce the phenomence of "free rider", improve the system of property rights related to public goods and system of rural governance, provide the system's safeguard for the farmer's self-governance. Fifthly, it also pays special attention to the role of social capital form the actual situation of rural area, and analyzes and examines it in aspects of both theory and empirance.