The Appeal And Voice Of The Peasants In Rural Area

Reform and opening up to30years, the rural economy is all round development, emerging diversification of interest and subject pluralism that leads to conflict of interests between them. This phenomenon expression one point is the weakness of the country's ideology, and the other point is the farmers are becoming the political participation and they have the ability to become a independent management people. At the same time, the country's system reaches the same consensus with peasants' requirement.As "Chinese Grassroots Democracy" is originated in1980s. It is complied with the rural reform and now is becoming a basic management system.Because of some unsure reason, the right of peasants have not fully realized and broken out during the election. The peasants were forced to choice the letter and visit to express their voice. The more we want to know is that whether petition can solve the conflict of interest during the election and how about the itself bearing capacity. So, the villagers autonomy is combined with the petition, and the petition during election becoming the research object.This text is aiming at analysis petition case that happened in the election in order to know original motivation of peasants'right,conflict of interest and coordination mechanism. analysising these problems can complete basic level policy and the villagers autonomy and《The villagers committees)) can be also more reasonable.According to study petition's history background, social change and political relations we found source of it has many facts, such as ideology, social development, system design, social media, interests expression and so on. The petition has its special history and cultural origin, its is based on traditional law system, but the opinion of traditional law system is about no suit or ruling makes peasants protect their interest or voice through the special way, that is petition. For another example, because of the social history of inheritance, state of the system design of hysteresis, peasants'poor express consciousness and low degree of organization lead to rights imbalances and mechanism is not clear. In order to complete this damaged interests, petition is the one choice of the expression. During the election of village, there are many different kinds of petition, sometimes they looked similar to each other but has big difference of it. According to abstract some petition, we can divide it for tow parts from the grade, that is level petition and bypass the leadership grade petition. From the interest aspect, we can divide it as independent and masses. From the number of it, we can divide it as first and repeat. From the legal aspect, we can divide it as legal and illegal. From the implementation way, we can divide it as traditional and network.The complaint has different social status, life experience, cultural cultivated manners and mind leads to different needs. Because of the different complaint has different expression, the petition has many different characteristics. Each characteristic has it own reason as personal reason and social reason. According to psychological motivation it can be divided into many part,like legal interest complaint, illegal interest complaint and conformity complaint.Each of it has its own reason. It can involve in political, economy, cultural and also in system of country, that is to say, it can involve in electing person or basic level government. And these can be worked together to make things more difficult.we study these case to find out the central point of the conflict of election, defects of election program, the fraud problem, unreasonable guidance, malice religious work and other history problems.The complexity of the petition problem determines the diversity of the petition digestion methods. in practice, the means of local government or petition departments to handle letters and visits of the general election of villagers'committees including the guiding of political work, psychological intervention,the preaching of the laws and regulations, sector mediation, forcible suppression of interest to visit and build early-warning mechanism. From diversity, we can see, the choice of means of the primary government or petition departments in the petition to resolve is sufficient. It should be noted that the approach taken by the different case letters is different. The primary government or petition department according to the petitioner's political identity, level of education, mental health and other personal characteristics, as well as petition the special problems and other factors to select a specific digestion means to resolve the contradictions to maximize the benefits. Of course, to many petitioners and letters pretext, different digestion means may produce different results. For example, choose the means of political work to guide the petitioner with the party membership, the effect will certainly be better than ordinary people, because the former tend to have higher political consciousness; to repeat petitioners, the effect of using psychological counseling means will be better than preaching the laws and regulations, because their familiarity with the legal regulations and policies may be beyond the imagination of ordinary people.It must be noted that the different means of petition are not mutually exclusive, to resolve a complaint cases often require the compositing action of a variety of digestion means.For example, in terms of a collective petition, single petition digestion methods become stretched, according to the differences of group psychology, the collective petitioner is divided into different groups, respectively, to take a different means to resolve contradictions, it will certainly take a multiplier effect.Worthy of recognition, the petition of the village committee after the general election as a way of the expressing of farmers'interests, in directly, it implements the political participation of farmers of the village, from the long-term perspective, and help the rural social and political civilization. Petition as the interests of farmers expressed channels often have a variety of difficulties, farmers'interests and demands can not through petition to get smooth expression, which is closely related to the defects of the petition system. The indirection of letters and visits impact on the effect of expression of the interests of farmers, during the process of petition, misplaced view of achievements affect the enthusiasm of the expression of the farmers'interests, lack of coordination between the petition department virtually increase the cost of the expression of the interests of farmers, relative to vulnerable of petition implementation rights also affect the behavior of the expression of the farmers' interests. Therefore, in order to come true the expansion and improvement of the express mechanisms of the farmers'interests, we need to take measures of system design, well-organized, environmental optimization and the cumulation of material basis. For example, people's deputies in elections, especially in the election of county and township people's congress deputies, we need to introduce a competition mechanism. Through the introduction of competition mechanism, in order to better ensure that the peasant electorate has a strong political participation capacity, able to represent the interests of farmers, has a strong representation and sense of responsibility on behalf,the election really and actually to become an important channel of the expression of farmers'interests.The farmers petition in the period of social transformation have a common logic, the performance of the petition of farmers often revolve around some common issues, including rural land expropriation, land contract and collective welfare, financial affairs of the village and village cadres economic style, homestead disputes, the village committee general election, with two committees work problems. But compared with other aspects of the petition, the village committee election petition also has its own properties. In particular, the farmers choose the village committee general elections once every three years as a petition entry point, indeed, showing the wisdom and courage of the "peasant masses" by things trouble them with the village committee election petition as to rural political entities, the means of expression of interests and political aspirations, their objective is to re-adjust, balance and rationalize all kinds of conflict on their own adverse interests and contradictions. In order to resolve the issue of the village committee election petition, all levels of government must be a two-pronged approach to promote the petition system and system innovation, but also to promote the practice of villagers'autonomy to continue to forward the healthy development. Only the coordination of the two complement and achieving the systematical protection of farmers'rights can fundamentally resolve the petition issues in the village committee election.