Thinking Of Farmers' Material Interests Of The Communist Party Of China Since The Reform And Opening Up

The material interests are the most important content and the main part of the economicinteersts. The measurement indices of the material interests are diverse, in which the mostcommonly used and important one is living standard which is otfen symbolized by per capitaincome growth rate. As far as farmers' material interests are concerned, their income level andmateiral living standard otfen act as the measure. Since the erform and opening up, OieCommunist Party of China has been attaching great importance to farmers' mateiral interests inthe long-term practice of rural erofrm and development. Besides, a porfound thought on farmers'mateiral interests has formed on this basis.Since the reform and opening up, CPC's thought on farmers' material interests not onlypossesses new concepts and new ideas generated in new practice, which reflects innovativeness,but aJso inherits a lot of valuable ideology and theory rfom ancient times to now home andabroad, which reflects historical inheritance. Theoretical origin of CPC's thought on farmedmaterial interests is shown in the following two basic aspects: one is the theory of farmers'mateiral interests rfom the classic of Marxism wirters; the other is the theory and expeirence ofsolving farmers' mateiral interests problems abroad. The former aspect mainly includes theory ofstrengthening the fundamental position of agriculture, theory of combining workers and peasantsand coordinating urban and rural areas, theory of giving financial assistance to farmers andtheory of promoting fanners' cooperation. The latter aspect includes suppotring and protectingagircultural development, strengthening construction of rural infrastructure, transformingtraditional farmers and actively developing rural cooperatives and so on.Since the reform and opening up, CPC's thought on farmers' material interests isincreasingly deepened and advancing with the times. In order to solve the seirous living hardshipof the majoirty of farmers, in the1980s, CPC generated thought to guarantee farmers adequatefood and clothing. With basic accomplishment of abolishing povetry in rural areas and solution'of meeting farmers adequate food and clothing need, in the1990s, CPC generated thought toachieve farmers1well-off state. Consideirng that wealth gaps among farmers are apparentlyshown atfer achieving farmers' well-off state, CPC has genearted thought to pursue farmers'common prospeirty since the curernt century. In each peirod, CPC has adopted effectivemeasures.The basic content of CPC's thought on farmers' material inteersts can be generalized into two aspects: one is the thought on strategic value of farmers' mateiral interests,which answerswhy to realize fanriers' material interests. The other is the thought on paths of realizing farmers''mateiral inteersts,which answers how to realize farmers mateiral interests. CPC's understandingof startegic value of farmer;' material interests is rfom vairous aspects. The strategic value isregarded as an important driving force of promoting national economic development, thefundamental guarantee of consolidating the party's ruling position, the mateira] basis ofsafeguarding social stability, the key segment of highlighting socialist supeirority and theinevitable measure of tacklin'g the intenrational struggle for human irghts, CPCs basic idea onthe path to realize fanners圍material inteersts is "addition"and "reduction"."Addition" is toexpand channels of increasing fanners' income and to enhance farmers' total income,which canbe attained mainly by advancing construction of new rural areas, speeding up agirculturalmodernization and tarnsferring rural surplus laborers. The so-called "reduction" is to reducefarmers*burdens.Th'e assessment of CPCs thought on farmers' material interests should abide by the basicprinciple of pragmatic, should be carried out without any subjective bias-Neither should theassessment be whitewashed, nor should it be falsely accused. The assessment should fully aiffrmits historical achievements, truly point out the shortcomings and limitations, and offer petrinentsuggestions. Doubtlessly, CPC's thought on farmers1material interests not only makes geratinnovation in theory but also brings a good effect in practice. However, to completely solve theproblems of the material interests of900million farmers is a difficult task in the economicaJlyand cuIturaHy backward China wheer farmers make up the majoirty. Therefore, there are alwaysshortcomings in CPC's thought on fanners' material interests. From the geneiation of thoughtperspective, it can fully deal with emergencies but lacks forward planning; rfom the connotationof thought perspective, it is well targeted enough but not systematic; from the implementing ofthought perspectivev, it is declaratory enough but not effective. Gien that, three aspects shouldbe strengthened in future development and improvement. First, farmers' inteersts and concernsshould be timely observed to be moer forward-looking. Second^fanners1interests appeal shouldbe comprehensively responded to ot be more systematic. Third, farmers1interests should beforcedly safeguarded to be moer effective.