1949-1978:the Study Of Republic Heroes' Characters

To commend heroes and models is to honor the former's dedication spirit and to affirm the latter's value of labor. As far back as the early1930s, Chinese Communist Party carried out the activities of appraising and electing heroes and models in Central Soviet Area. In the metaphase of1940s, a resounding movement of labor heroes and advanced workers was launched in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region. After new China was founded, faced with the arduous task of constructing the socialist state, the Party and government, in utilizing the work experiences of the war times to organize social production, institutionalized and routinized the election of heroes and models step by step to set typical characters and give them honors of hero or model, which can motivate themselves and the whole social production.In1950, Chinese Communist Party held the "National Combat Heroes Conference" and the "National Worker-peasant-soldier Models Conference" to appraise and elect lots and lots of heroes and models, which were good enough to serve as new generation heroes and models. The group of heroes and models, that is the outstanding representatives of workers, peasants and soldiers, begins to become the leading role of new China's revolutionary narration, at the same time, they begins to become the enlightener and preacher of new China's revolutionary discourse system, and they will become the spokesmen of developing the socialist construction among people in new China. As the first generation of heroes and models, they show new China's confirmation of the value of labor and patriotism, as well as they have effects of politicalization in constructing new China, which becomes an important symbol of national ideology.During the period of building the socialism in an all-around way, there was a new generation of heroes and models emerging in large numbers in spreading the industrialization roundly and developing national economy quickly, who gradually shaped their own features. The visual features of the heroes and models in this period were that they love collective and devote themselves to their duty, work like a horse and dig into the professional work, make technological innovation and take pleasure in helping people, bear hardships and stand hard work, among which the most notably one was the technological character. And the national advanced producers congress in1956showed that the ideas of the Party and the people to the group of heroes and models changed from emphasizing the physical labor's transformation to value the technological innovation and innovation management. At the call of the advanced producer movement, the technological revolution was posed as a new labor concept, so the reason that heroes and models in that period were called as heroes and models was not just because their work, but even more important because the technological content contained in their work. It is thus clear that "technology" as the new discursive formation of heroes and models illustrated that the group of heroes and models in new China became more and more mature and began to develop in all aspects.Before the Cultural Revolution to the Third Plenary Session, under the influence of pinko thoughts, it was emphasized that to model the good proletariat hero example, to advocate idealistic historical viewpoint of heros, and to urge heroes and models to be "high and noble, well-rounded, notable and perfect", which caused the heroes and models all had the glorious images who were purer than pure or of indomitable spirit or pearlescent without exception. They dominated the whole social development and they had the power to turn things around, and in this very sense, so-called heroes and models were not all coming from the real life, but started from the ideas that were refined and raised, which caused they lost the reality as common people.With the setting up of one batch after another of heroes and models after founding of the new China, they manifest the symbol of politics, the value of labors, the meaning of morals externally, and show highly self-identity about their standing internally, through which they undertake the duty and responsibility of national consciously. The group of heroes and models dare to think-dare to speak and dare to act in the movement of technological innovation and technological revolution, and they compare to each other, learn each othe, catch up with each other and help each other in the socialistic emulations. The model worker is not only the example of general public in the daily life, but even also is "a signifier of revolution, Party spirit and victory, which typically and intensively reflects the nature and main stream of the socialist society, his quality and thought are head and shoulders above the common people, for which he have the power to be an example". So the heroes and models are both the objects acknowledged in the value sense by the common people and the examples for them to learn and imitate, which has the double space-time with history and future. That means heroes and models in different periods not only make important contributions in the specific period, but also continuously offer the nourishments and supports for our immediate and future spiritual civilization with the time's deconstruction and construction. So the spirit of heroes and models is the guiding of both history and future.From the founders and constructers of the state to the advanced workers, from the red model workers with political nature to the men of action, in the less than40years, the images of heroes and models have changed earthshakingly. There is agglutination and isostructure happed continuously between the images and national ideology, and this trend becomes more and more striking with the development of pinko thought inside the party. From the introspection on this question, we can see that, as the bridge to connect the national ideology with the consciousness of common people, the process of constructing the system of heroes and models must not only be leaded by the national ideology, but also consult the need of common people, so only acquire the acknowledgements and approvements from common people, the group of heroes and models can indeed achieve the maximization of national interests and the value of themselves.