Study Of Contemporary China Villager Utomony

Originated from early1980s, villager autonomy is one great achievement of democracyconstruction at grassroots level in rural areas. The implementation of villager autonomy hasmade tremendous changes in village social management, under which the state doesn't exertdirect management in villages, instead, village is endowed with self-government right andvillagers manage their own affairs. Outstanding achievement has been made on villagerautonomy in the past thirty years, exerting far-reaching effects on rural area, nationaleconomical development and overall social progress. However, since its implementation,disputes over it has been going on with stop. Besides, series of difficulties and problems ariseduring its application, which restricts its further development and has brought about negativeinflucence on stability at rural grassroots level. Especially in new century, existing problemsresulting from villager autonomy is increasingly obvious and has become people's top concern.How to solve these problems is not only an urgent concern, but also a key issue inreconstruction of village management system and rural democratic politics. The study, throughinvestigation of the history, system structure and operation of villager autonomy, put forwardssolutions and guidance on perfecting villager autonomy, with the aim of promotingmanagement modernization, stability and development of rural society.Autonomy is one approach to village society integration. It is a continuation of integrationof villages, started from the end of Qing Dynasty. Compared with village integration in the past,villager autonomy has the special feature of democracy. Villager autonomy derives from villagesociety, with the feature of social spontaneity and self organization. However, it catered for thepractical needs of reconstruction of village order after dissolution of primitive communes anddeveloped into a national democratic system. After the state has taken measures tto boost itsperfection and development.Villager autonomy needs system to confirm and guarantee, and system is established bystandards. Villager autonomy standard has become a standard system, which is composed bythe three standards at state, local and village level respectively. Standard at state level isspecified by government offices concerned, which has general applicability and restrain forcenationalwide. It mainly includes "Constitution"," Village Committee Constitution" and some other normative documents. Standard at local level is specified by local government organsconcerned, which has general applicability and restrain force locally, and includes fourstandards at provincial, city, county and township level. Village level standard is specified byvillager meeting or villager representative meeting. It has general applicability and restrainingforce in village. It consists of Villager Autonomy Charter, Village Rules and some specifiedrules. Villager autonomy organization has developed into an organizational system, which isconstituted by authority, work unit and supervision organ. Within villager autonomyorganization system, relationships among all kinds of autonomy organizations are different,accordingly, their influence on villager autonomy function varies. On the system design of view,the relationship of the villager autonomy and township government is guidance,help andassistance relatiomship. And the relationship of the villager autonomy and and the right of theparty's leadership is the leadership and leadership.The key of villager autonomy is its implementation and operation. After thirty years'development, villager autonomy, based on democratic election, decision making, managementand supervision, has made tremendous achievements in terms of systematism andstandardization. With constant innovation, it has exerted significant influence in socialistdemocratic political construction. However, due to various factors, villager autonomy has notbeen thoroughly put into practice, and existing problems still have not been solved. Problemsof village autonomy does not only exist in democratic election, decision-making, managementand supervision, and it has also been intervened by township government and party branch.Relevant measures should be taken to ensure that villager autonomy implement. For thisend, substantive laws should be perfected such as "Constitution"and " Village CommitteeConstitution", as well as its inside and outside relief procedure law system, providing perfectand complete legal guarantee for villager autonomy. In addition, rural and urban developmentshould be further balanced, and the relationship between village committee and township,village committee and village party branch should be straightened out. Restriction mechanismat grassroots level should be perfected, as well as administrative relief mechanism, petitionand legal aid mechanism, so that complete relief can be guaranteed for villager autonomy.