Study On State Structure System With Chinese Characteristics

The state structure system means a set of rules and system about the relationship between the whole state and its parts as well as that between the central and local state agencies within a state. Its essence is the longitudinal allocation of a state's power, namely definition of the competence between the central and local authorities. Not only is it a political problem a state should pre-consider and choose cautiously at the time of establishment, but is an actual subject to be treated seriously and regulated continuously during the development of a country. The unitary structure system of state with Chinese characteristics is China's basic political system and an advanced subject worthy to be deeply researched. In general, the study on the system is relatively weak in China; especially the systematic researching it from the view of Chinese characteristics is more rare. Therefore, this study is of important theoretic and practical significance, as is just the target and significance to select the topic of the paper. The whole paper is composed of the Introduction and four Chapters.In the Introduction, the author first proposes the basic argument of the paper: Chinese state structure system is characterized exclusively, so a unitary system with complex factors has been formed during the historical development. Such system adopts three practical modes of relationship between the central and local authorities as content: mode of relationship between the central and common local administrative regions, that between the central and national autonomous regions, and that between the central and special administrative regions. Then the significance of study on this topic is pointed out on the background of political practice for the persistence in and development of political system with Chinese characteristics, Chinese democrat polity construction and socialist market economy construction, as well as in accordance with the present situation to study on the state structure system with Chinese characteristics in China. In order to better understand the topic of the paper, this part herein has set up and explained several important background concepts such as ethnical nation, unitary system and federal system, centralization system, local self-government, state structure system, etc., which lay a certain foundation for writing the whole paper.The First Chapter has researched the theoretic basis of Chinese state structure system. It investigates the main content of Marxist-Leninist Theory on state structure system. The unitary republicanism was assumed by Marx and Engels according to the historical conditions of that time. Lenin stood for federal system instead of previous unitary system according to Russian proletariatrevolutionary situation and Russian Characteristics, and established the first socialist federal system state. The author has proposed the viewpoint with regard to the issues whether Marx and Engels differentiated federation and confederacy, how to understand the guidance significance of Marxist-Leninist theories and the characteristics and influence of relative Lenin's thought. This Chapter has explained Mao Zedong's national regional autonomy system whereby the national autonomy is combined with regional autonomy and political factors is combined with economical factors, as well as Deng Xiaoping's "one country of two systems" conception, both of which are regard as the new contribution to Marxist state structure system theory.The Second Chapter investigates longitudinally Chinese state structure system. It researches CPC members probing the state structure system during revolutionary times and analyzes new China adopting unitary state structure system and the deep reasons. This Chapter has analyzed the following instances: Soviet and China, both guided by Marxism and Leninism, chose different state structure system, but converse results appeared. It also explains the innovation of local system by CPC and Chinese Government, which in the unitary system state have given local self-government to...