Transition Of Agriculture And Countryside In Southern Jiangsu Province In The 20th Century

Based on the theories and methods of history, economics and sociology, this paper deals with the transition of agriculture and countryside in southern Jiangsu in the 20 century, in order to explore the factors and conditions of the development from traditional to modern agriculture in the area and provide historical lessons for today's agricultural modernization in China.Twenty century was the one in which China is developing from a pure agricultural society to a new and developing industrial society. The structural transformation of politics, economy, society, science and technology inevitably has important influences on agriculture and countryside. Through strengthening the study of agricultural and rural history in the period, analyzing the historical process and factors of agricultural modernization in China, realizing and grasping the laws of the development of agriculture and countryside from the historical angle, closely combining history with actuality, it will not only contribute to summarize historical experience and lessons, but also contribute to develop today's modernization of agriculture and countryside in China.Southern Jiangsu is a famous land offish and rice in Chinese history. It is the model of well developed region, as well as the model of intensive cultivation in China. The reform and development in the area are often at the forefront in China, therefore, an effective method to study Chinese national conditions and countryside is to follow the tracks of southern Jiangsu. Since the 20th century, southern Jiangsu is in progress of continuous and integrated economic transition from a traditional agricultural society to a modern industrial society. It will be a good example for the study of transforming traditional agriculture into modern agriculture, as well as the study of the mutual relation between agriculture and other industries, country and city in the course of economic transformation. It will benefit the development of southern Jiangsu itself and provide reference to other regions in China by studying and exploring the transition course of agriculture and countryside in the area.Agriculture is the basis of national economy. For its rapid progress of economic and social development, there are conditions for southern Jiangsu to accomplish agricultural modernization. However, it is hard to realize high level agricultural modernization if we confine our sight to the inside of agriculture and countryside. The main difference between modern and traditional agriculture lies in the fundamental change of the social environment on which agriculture in built. The growth and modernization of agriculture can not be brought about isolatedly, without economic structural transformation and the development of modern science and technology. So, the paper pays attention to the status of agriculturein the whole economy and the mutual relation between agriculture and other industries, country and city in the development process, lays stress on longitudinal comparison and analysis to conclude several laws of agricultural development. The structure and content of the paper are as follows:1. The first chapter is an outline introducing the natural and social economic conditions on which the development of agriculture and countryside depends in southern Jiangsu, and the characteristics of agricultural production formed under such background.2. In the second, third, fourth and fifth chapter a review is given on the transition process of rural land system, agricultural technology, industrialization and urbanization in southern Jiangsu in the 20th century.The sixth chapter is a discussion of the main dynamics of the agricultural development in southern Jiangsu from the following perspectives: evolution of rural land system, agricultural technology innovation and industrialization.Since the 20th century, the agricultural development in southern Jiangsu has experienced several important transforms. It is concluded that land institution is the basic institution to defend the stable development...