Marx And Feuerbach

The history has developed into the 21st century. While facing various views on the so-called "out-datedness of Marxism" and its margin] zation and westernization tendency, we should be conscious that in the different kinds of current theological theories, Marxism is the only scientific theory which can guic.e the socialist causes with Chinese characteristics to victory. Therefore, we should adhere to and develop Marxism in this new historical stage.The adherence and development of Marxism is certainly based on the understanding of Marxism. The understanding of Marxism allows various approaches, out of which, the important way is "to go back to Marx". However, it is never an easy job to "go back to Marx", that is, to set up Marxisri in modern times. "Going back to Marx" requires the elimination of absolutism, rdativism, and pragmatism in its explanation, especially the elimination of a non-histcrical opinion towards Marxism.Regarding the above-mentioned wrong opinions on "going back to Marx", the author of this paper puts forward: Are there different Marx? Which Marx should we go back to? Marx was not a communist or Marxist from the very beginning but became one at a certain developmental stage of his political standpoint and thought. We must make a difference between what thoughts are based on his ancestors and his contemporaries whose usefulness has been developed and uselessness discarded in the development of Marx's thoughts, and what thoughts are original Marx's. The research just deals with the relationship between Marx and :he ideologists who influenced him. Only in the study of such ideological relationshp can we really make clear what Marxism is and what non-Marxism is, and therefore get to know, in the sense of absorbing Marx's Marxist ideologies, which Mane we should go back to, or, which Marx should come into the modern time.The two major philosophers who greatly influenced the development of Marxism are Hegel and Feuerbach. Therefore, the stud} of the relationship between thedevelopment of Marx's ideologies and Feuerbachan philosophy becomes the theme of this paper.The relationship between Marx and Feuerbachan philosophy can be divided into three stages: The first one is the young Hegelian time, even with different philosophical directions of criticism, the common one comes from Hegel rationalism. From 1839 on, Feuerbach virtually deviated from Hegelian philosophy and exerted certain early influence on Marx. The second stage is the time between 1843 and 1844, when Marx belonged to " the Feuerbachan". Marx worshiped and had blind faith in Feuerbach and conducted his researches from Feuerbachan humanism. Although, in these two years, Marx had a lot of new world viewpoint factors, they were only quantitative change or only partly qualitative change, without essential qualitative change in Marx's philosophical ideologies, and Marxist philosophy was still in the matrix of Feuerbachan philosophy. The third stage begins with his writing in 1845 "On Feuerbach's Outlines" and "German Ideology", which criticized Feuerbach, achieved philosophical transformation and set up new materialism.The traditional study of Marxist philosophy admits that Marx turned to materialism by averting from Hegelan idealism under the influence of Feuerbachan philosophy, but people underestimate the influence of Feuerbachan philosophy on Marx's ideologies. People think that Feuerbachan philosophy only promoted the development of Marx's ideologies directly from the platform of Hegelan philosophy towards the new Marxist materialistic philosophy, without a platform for Feuerbachan philosophy, which is the famous "one transformation and two stages". People also admit that Marx established Marxist philosophy through criticizing Feuerbachan philosophy but they make a mistake in the basic content in the criticism. They regard mechanics and metaphysics as the main weakness in the old materialism, including Feuerbachan materialism, while Marx absorbed the "essential core" in Feuerbachan materialism, overcame its mechanics and metaphy...