Study On The Basic Theory Of State-Owned Non-Profit-Organization Accounting

The state-owned non-profit-organization accounting is the important parts of budgetary accounting in China. It is different from corporate accounting obviously, and has both relations and difference with the governmental accounting. It is of important theoretic and practical significance to study the basic theoretic subject matter of state-owned non-profit-organization accounting of China. The basic accounting theory is the most basic and most important parts of accounting theories. The subject matter takes accounting goal as the logic start point. The basis of state-owned non-profit-organization accounting goal is the entrusted responsibility and it is unity of entrusted responsibility and decision useful. The basic postulations of the state-owned non-profit-organization accounting still include accounting entity, going-concern, accounting period and monetary measurement, but they embody new meaning, especially going-concern and accounting period. The author suggests that the accounting period of the state-owned non-profit-organization accounting should be reformed, employing the system of calendar year system and trans-year system at the same time. The author sets up the system of principles for non-profit-organization accounting, including both of strategic and tactic principles to standardize the accounting activities from both macro and micro viewpoints. Of which, the tactic principle includes both check inspection and supervision. The quality characteristics of accounting information of state-owned non-profit-organization of China are constructed by using the experiences of west countries for reference. The accounting basis of state-owned non-profit-organization of China should be transformed from the cash system into the accrual system. The accounting elements of non-profit-organization should add the balance element on the basis of the asset, reliability, net asset, revenue and expenditure, and the revenue and expenditure are more important in the organization and the mode of accounting measures is mainly the historical costs. In order to measure the cost reliably, a system of the repairing funds for fixed assets or depreciation should be established. About the disclosing of accounting information, the author presents some ideas, such as modification of the balance sheet format, increase of accounting information of cash flow statement, more attention paid to the disclosing of accounting information beyond financial statements, improvement of the indexes for financial analysis and highly concerning about financial analysis. The progress of internationalization of the whole budgetary accounting is rather slow, whereas the accounting of state-owned non-profit-organization is going international positively and smoothly.