Technical Across: Based On The Analysis Of Technological Progress And Institutional Change

The dramatic development of "Four Dragons" after World War â…¡ such asSingapore and Korea , arose extensive attention and investigation by researchers. Ithas been proved by many researches that, undeveloped countries are not simplyfollowing the same technology route formed by the developed countries. They mayleapfrog some step so that extend a different or unique progress path. Perez(1988)thought every country had possibility to become original of a newtechnology. Hobday(1994) also thought it was possible for developing country tocatch up with developed country directly, without large investment of technologicalaccumulation . The conception "technology leapfrogging" was brought forward from theresearches of Miracle of East Asia. As a neonatal conception, it aroused extensivediscussion focus on technology path of developing countries, but it has not beenconstituted a matured academic system. It was also a pity that the discussion focusingon was not attached enough importance. Till the end of 20 century, with the furtherdevelopment of economic globalization and technological competition this, thestudying of technology leapfrogging has got attention again. Most of the present literatures came from experiential analysis and focused on thesignificance of technology leapfrogging. But what is the objective rule of technologyadvance? What is the academic foundation of technology leapfrogging? Isleapfrog necessary for China to achieve technology progress and economicdevelopment? Only by finding its essence and rule, can we avoid answering thesequestions surfacely and simply. Dissertation motivation is to discuss technology leapfrogging theoretically andpractically, on the basis of normative economic research pattern. The research isproceeded with the revolution of institution. What we are thinking are: howtechnology advance begins and develops? How institutions accelerate or block thedevelopment of technology advance? Can we achieve technology advance or increaseefficiency by changing institution? What institution has the function of inspiring theoccurrence of technology leapfrogging? All of these researches will base on theconnection between institutional revolution and technology advance. First, we will summarize the dialectical relation between technology advance andinstitutional revolution,such as the understanding of Marxism and other economists. 1On this foundation, we make deep contrast of these two different understandings.Through our research we has proved that technology leapfrogging is notunconventional, especial phenomenon, but often happens during the development ofthe world history and economy. According to the steady-going economy, the functionof technology is more important than that of institution, but institution is the mostimportant factor in the phase of transitional economy. Secondly, we focus on the study of the theory and process of technologyleapfrogging, the paper not only describe the concept, characteristics, manners, butalso illuminates the leapfrog process between two countries and two commoditieswith a model. In the following, we establish an institutional frame to analysis whatkind of institution is needed to promote or accelerate technology advance in eitherclose economy or open economy. And it is reaches a conclusion that what kind ofinstitution can be the activator to rise technology leapfrogging? Thirdly, it is about case analysis of the worldwide practice of technologyleapfrogging. Selecting Japan from developed countries, Korea from new industrialcountries, basing the research frame in Chapter Two, we discusses the structure of thesystem of technology advance, and the experience and lessons from their process ofleapfrogging. Through our research, we prove that the two countries both achievedleapfrog in open system. It is the knowledge and technology obtained from outside...