On Industrial Cluster

The industrial cluster is worldwide economic phenomenon, such as the industrial cluster of information technology in the Silicon Valley and near No. 128 Highway of USA, the industrial cluster of software in Bangalore, India, the industrial cluster of leather and clothes in Northern Italy, the industrial cluster of computers in Taiwan, China, etc. Practice has proved that the industrial cluster has become a common feature of today's industries with international competitive excellence, and is an important factor for enhancing industrial competitive power and forming regional competitive excellence. In the view of Macker Pott, a professor of University of Harvard, USA, the industrial cluster means a phenomenon that in a specific field (usually with one leading industry as the core) a large number of interrelated enterprises and support organizations concentrate in space and form a strong and continued competitive excellence. In the aspect of promoting regional economic development, planners in the past gave more consideration to such factors as natural resources, favorable policy, position, etc. while the strategy of the industrial cluster provides a brand-new angle of view. Since 1980's the significance of the new principle of industrial concentration to economic development has attracted unprecedented attention from the international academic, commercial and political circles.From the relevant literature at home and abroad it is found that a number of economists and economic geographers have made rich and colorful theoretical contribution to the research of industrial clusters. Application of a certain theory alone can not yet provide strong theoretical support to the well-coordinated development of economy between the nation as a whole and its local regions. In fact,industrial clusters of the same type, they can be classified differently according to new type of industries and conventional industries, new type of markets and existing markets. The same industrial cluster can have different feature in its different development stages. Industrial clusters formed depending on different carriers also have different forms of expression. To explain the existing phenomena of industrial clusters by classification and promote bringing the effect of industrial concentration into full play, it is necessary to make use of the systematized theory of the industrial cluster and its method of analysis.Based on the theoretical research and practical experience in industrial clusters at home and abroad, this thesis makes researches from a number of aspects such as the different types of clusters, the internal mechanism of cluster emergence, the dynamic development process of clusters, the dependent carrier and external market environment development process of cluster formation and development and the development and innovation of clusters, trying hard to establish a comparatively complete theoretical system for guiding the development and innovation of China's industrial clusters and promotion of regional economic competitive power.This thesis first explains the intension of the industrial cluster, starting with the concept, feature, level and structure of the industrial cluster; summarizes the industrial cluster theory of classical and new classical economics, the industrial cluster theory of classical and modern economic geography, industrial compound theory, new industrial zone theory, cluster theory in the strategy of competition and the domestic achievements in research on cluster theory according to the quintessence of Marx' thought about industrial clusters (exposition of benefits from division and cooperation of labor and theory of distribution of urban productive forces) ; and researches into the origin of industrial cluster theory and the development of the system. Through analysis, the thesis points out the limitations of various theories and puts forward the theoretical framework design for carrying out systematic research on the six aspects of the type, formation mechanism, development and innovation of industrial cluste...