Study Of The Process Of Modern Nation In Central Asia

The conception of ethnic process is first used in academia of the former Soviet Union. In this thesis, a comprehensive study was undertaken combined with the first-hand material yielded from field work, on the basis of employing the historical documents-oriented approach and adopting valuable research fruits from the former Soviet Union, Russia, Central Asia and China, aiming at studying the modern ethnic process in Central Asia with the application of the theory of ethnic process. Governed by chronological principle, the focus of this study will be on the period of 1920s during which the ethnic division was waged by the government of the Soviet Union leading to the formation of the five Central Asia national states, and an analysis will be provided to induce the regular patterns of forming a single ethnic group through a discussion of formation, development and alteration of ethic groups in Central Asia.The ethnic process occurred in Central Asia is one that the ethnic split and ethnic union appeared alternatively. It is Russia's amalgamation and establishing the united government that the chaos in Central Asia was put to an end, which led to a faster growth in its economy, culture and politics. It is the appearance of capitalism in the field of industry and agriculture that promoted the ethnic groups in Central Asia to the orbit of modern ethnic process.Not until the 1920s were the ethnic groups of Uzbek, Turkmen, Kazak, Kyrgyz, Tajik divided as five national allied states into Soviet Union, which was considered a milestone in the history of ethnic process in Central Asia.Some argue that the ethnic division and founding of each national state is in accordance with the success of ethnic policy launched by Soviet communists and a reflection of freedom of these ethnic groups. On the other hand, some hold the view that the ethnic process occurred during the 1920s find it inappropriate with its historical trend in Central Asia as it is the result of a secret strategy made by Moscow and Tashkent.In accordance with a series of study in the light of history, conducting process and its following consequences as far as the ethnic division and founding of national states in Central Asia are concerned, we should come to the conclusion that the ethnic process occurred during the 1920s and the founding of each single nation for one thing accelerated the merge and amalgamation of the different ethnic groups in this area, awoke consciousness from being an independent ethnic group, improved the development of the ethnic culture and the inhabitant structure so to raise these states' status in Soviet Union, which satisfied their ethnic egoism. For another, as a result, the Uzbek people were divided into some groups living far apart from one another so as to curb Pan-Tujue and Pan-Islamism in Central Asia. Since the five Central Asia ethnic states joined the Soviet Union, the Russian began to strive for making these places frontier area in which its revolutionary thoughts could be dispersed. It isthe ethnic division in Central Asia that a temporary peace and stability is available in this area. As a matter of fact, the ethnic issues in this area have not completely been solved due to the polarization of distribution of different ethnic groups, which become the root of all tensions and conflicts in this area up to now.The incorporation of Central Asia into Tsarina Russia in the second half of the 19^th century started the modern ethnic process occurred in Central Asia. Tsarina Russia has brought dramatic impact on the ethnic process in Central Asia because it was governed under the colonial policy waged by Tsarina Russia. It was considered a successive colonization by Russia that Central Asia conducted its ethnic division and founding of national state which took place in the 1920s. However, this built up a solid foundation for these republic found them divorced from the Soviet Union later.The significance of this thesis can be embodied as the following. Firstly, the study of Central Asia can be enriched to make it available that there are more angles in researching ethnic groups of Central Asia. Secondly, it is of importance to perceive the theory of ethnic process which originated from the former Soviet Union, and to identify its value and truth through its application into practical study. Thirdly, the study in this thesis can help people to perceive the existing issues in Central Asia in the light of the current situation of the region. Last but not the least, the study in the thesis is expected to shed some light on the issue of transnational ethnic groups with the same origin through which the bilateral relations between China and Central Asia is to be enhanced to better the peace and development of northwestern China.