| Ruling idea is a basic concept of Marxism political party and a theoretic basis of the party ruling the country. In order to strengthen the ruling capability, first of all we should acquire a correct ruling idea. With the deep understanding of ruling capability of CPC, ruling idea has gradually become a key word for political science and theoretical research of CPC's construction since the convening of 16th session of CPC. It is therefore significant theoretically and valuable practically to carry out a deep research and accurate expression of ruling idea.Ruling idea is the rational knowledge and value orientation of all the ruling activities of a ruling party, is the overall understanding of the principle, goal and task of ruling a country and the ruling policy and method to realize the task. Ruling idea is the core concept of the ideology which guide the ruling activities of the party, is the ideological foundation of ruling program, opinion, strategy, policy and working principle of the ruling party, is the theoretical guidance and ideological foundation of ruling activities, is the basic theoretical principle and standard of conduct of the ruling party.This paper studies the cognition foundation and practical path of the ruling idea of CPC with the purpose of studying theoretically and practically the objective mode and the process of perfection of the ruling idea of CPC, studying the interactive process of CPC and objective social situation of China, changing situation of class relations and Chinese revolutionary activities, studying the evolution of the ruling idea of CPC so as to draw a conclusion that the ruling idea of CPC is the result of combining Marxism and the practical situation of China and there is a intrinsic law that governs the establishment and perfection of the ruling idea of CPC. This paper is instructive in academic research and social practice. This paper tries to use the theory of cognition and epigenesis to disclose the secret of establishing and perfecting the ruling idea of CPC, focusing on the"source of cognition and process of cognition"and paying attention to the analysis of the interaction between the cognition object and cognition subject. This paper also carries out a systematic summarization of the objective mode and practical path of the establishment and perfection of the ruling idea of CPC and tries to find out the basic law and development trend of the establishment and perfection of the ruling idea of CPC with a purpose of providing a new analytical model and a new perspective from which to study the CPC's ruling the country. This paper overcomes, to a certain extent, the shortcomings of the study of CPC's ruling and its ruling idea carried out by other authors. Some authors study the successful experience and historical mistakes of CPC from the perspective of the history of CPC and Chinese revolution; some authors explains how CPC rules the country from a specific political system such as People's Congress Council; and other authors study the basic law of CPC's ruling the country from a macro perspective. This paper goes to the root of CPC's ruling the country, studying the"historical continuity"of the ruling idea of CPC under a certain historical condition, exploring the intrinsic law of the establishment and perfection of the ruling idea of CPC from the forming, development and perfection of the ruling idea so as to find out the development direction and providing scientific theoretical guidance for the long-term ruling of CPC in China.In addition, this paper summarizes for the first time the constituents, contents, theoretical features, driving force of the ruling idea of CPC and the path through which the ruling idea is realized and how the ruling idea is transformed into law.During a long period of time in the past, some questions which are simple in appearance but complicated in nature puzzled many leaders of CPC. The questions are as follows: What is the ruling idea of CPC, the ruling party? Why CPC has to stick to a scientific ruling idea? How can CPC stick to a scientific ruling idea? Some leaders of CPC can answer the questions, some can not. The report of the 16th session of CPC, for the first time, summarizes CPC's ruling the country as follows: CPC's ruling the country is to lead and support the people to be the master of the country, to mobilize and organize the overwhelming people to administrate the national affairs, social affairs, economy and culture according to laws and safeguard and realize the fundamental interests of the people. This summarization is of significance for all the party members, in particular the leaders of CPC to establish a scientific ruling idea.This paper devotes to a study of the ruling idea established and developed in the practice of CPC's ruling the country and how to stick to a scientific ruling idea through the research of the classical theory of Marxism and the relevant thinking proposed by the kernel leaders of CPC, the case study of history of CPC's ruling the country and a comparative study of the experience of ruling a country of foreign ruling parties.As to"ruling", Modern Chinese Dictionary defines as"control the power"and Cihai as"control and handle the national and government affairs". Viewed from the practical political life, the two definitions are different in certain aspects. In the western countries, though the ruling party controls and handles the national and government affairs, it can not control all the state power due to the restraint of the system of separation of powers. As to China, due to the fact that CPC is the only ruling party, it therefore controls the state power and handles the national and government affairs. Taking the different situations of different countries into consideration, some scholars argue that the definition"control and handle the national and government affairs"of"ruling"is more reasonable. While in my opinion,"ruling"falls into the category of political science, therefore it should be defined in accordance with the thinking of political science. Thus,"ruling"refers to exclusively all the activities that the ruling party which control the state power does in its controlling and handling the national and government affairs."Idea"is originally a philosophic term. Plato holds that"idea"is a universal definition and an absolutization abstracted from the individual objects,"idea"is the prototype of the object while the object is the "shadow"of the idea. Kant and Hegel think that"idea"is a definition of logos. While Marxism holds that idea is the rational knowledge. Mao Zedong once pointed out that, if we want to completely reflect the whole object and find out the nature and intrinsic law of the object, we have to discard the dross and select the essential, eliminate the false and retain the true from the exterior to the interior to establish a system of definition and theory and change the perceptual knowledge into rational knowledge. From the above argumentation we may draw a conclusion that in Mao Zedong's opinion, idea or rational knowledge is the system of definition and theory which can completely reflect the whole object and the nature and the intrinsic law of the object.Having studied the connotation of"ruling"and"idea", the connotation of ruling idea is comparatively clear now. However, the definition of ruling idea should be approached from the perspective of political science; otherwise, unnecessary dispute in the definition of ruling idea will appear.Once formed, the ruling idea will be implemented through the ruling activities and be changed into the theory, guidance line, policy and strategy of the party, and eventually be embodied in the ruling idea, ruling foundation, ruling strategy, ruling system, ruling method, ruling resource and ruling environment. Therefore, to better understand the ruling idea of CPC, we should ponder over the ideological opinion and theoretical principle displayed in the ruling purpose, strategy of managing state affairs, ruling method and how to construct itself as a party in power. The following questions concern about the ruling purpose, ruling objective and value orientation should be answered if we desire to understand better the ruling idea of CPC: 1. Who endowed the CPC with power? 2. Whose representative the CPC is to control the state power? 3. What's the ruling purpose? 4. Whom CPC serves? 5. In accordance with what principles should CPC hold the reins of the government? 6. How to establish the ruling policy, carry out the ruling activities and standardize the ruling conduct? 7. How to consolidate the ruling foundation and safeguard the ruling position of CPC?The ruling idea is the basic theoretical principle, standard of conduct and value orientation which are implemented throughout all the ruling activities of CPC. CPC should stick to a scientific ruling idea. Scientificalness is always relative. Then what standard can be used to judge the ruling idea? In my opinion, the following standards should be followed to judge the ruling idea:The ruling idea should stand the test of social practice. Science and truth are always relative. The truth is always tested by the social practice. A scientific ruling idea should be tested and improved in the social practice.A scientific system comprises three basic factors. One is the fundamental concept and category. Another is the basic principle based on the concept and category. The third one is other specific theory related with the basic principle. The ruling idea is the fundamental concept and the basic principle of the theoretical system of the ruling party.The ruling idea comprises four aspects. 1. What is the ruling? In other words, it is the definition of ruling idea. 2. Why does it rule the country? In other words, it is the purpose and objective of ruling. 3. How to rule a country?In other words, it is the basic path ad strategy by which the ruling party realizes its purpose and objective of ruling. 4. What is the ruling purpose? In other words, it is the practical objective of the ruling.Aspect I. CPC ruling the country means CPC comprehensively controls the state power and handles the national affairs on the basis of legitimate ruling. Mao Zedong holds that the central power that leads our cause is CPC and the theoretical basis that guides our cause is Marxism and Leninism. According to political science, the legality of ruling party refers to the fact that the ruling party has acquired the voluntary recognition, support and obedience from the majority of the people. Marx·Weber, a German scholar argues that, all the experiences have showed that not a single ruling party voluntarily is satisfied by only the material motivation or emotional motivation. Rather, all the ruling parties desire to safeguard their"legality"of belief. All the existing ruling parties have to seek for a legal foundation for their ruling. Whether the ruling of a party is legitimate or not is not decided by the ruling party's assertion, nor by the legal basis upon which the ruling party rules the country; rather, the legality of the ruling of a party is decided by the acceptance of the overwhelmingly majority of the people. It is a historical choice and people's choice that CPC controls the state power and handles the national affairs. Aspect II. The following judgments demonstrate clearly the ruling purpose and objective of CPC: the fundamental purpose that"serves the people heart and soul"established by CPC, the fundamental principle that"all powers of People's Republic of China belong to the people"stipulated by the constitution, the proposition that"poverty is not the nature of socialism"and"common prosperity"proposed by Deng Xiaoping, the"three represents"and"building up the party for the public and administration for the people"put forward by Jiang Zemin and the proposition that"the power is used for the people, great concerns is given to the people and interests is made for the people"proposed by Hu Jintao.Aspect III. The proposal that"administrate a country according to law","administrate a country with ethic","attach equal importance to law and ethic","rule a country according scientifically, rule a country democratically and rule a country according to law"put forward by CPC in the new historic stage demonstrate clearly the ruling purpose and objective of CPC.Aspect IV. The proposal that establish socialism"market economy system", socialism"democratic politics", socialism"material civilization, spiritual civilization and political civilization","people-oriented"and build a"harmonious society"put forward by CPC in the new historic stage demonstrate clearly the grand ruling objective of CPC.The ruling idea of CPC has been changed from a revolutionary idea into a ruling idea, from a struggle idea into a construction idea, from a construction idea into a development idea, from the idea of ruling by men into the idea of ruling by law, from"three in one"into"four in one".Administration for the people is the core idea of CPC's ruling the country, administrating a country according to law is the fundamental approach of CPC's ruling the country, reform and opening up is the first task of CPC's ruling the country and harmonious society is the value orientation is the CPC's ruling the country. Emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the fact and keeping pace with the times are the soul of ruling idea of CPC,"what is socialism and how to establish socialism"is the theme of the ruling idea of CPC,"what kind of party should be construct and how to construct the party"is the main thrust of the ruling idea of CPC and making modernization true and achieving a great rejuvenation of Chinese nation is the purpose of the ruling idea of CPC.The theoretical features of the ruling idea of CPC are the spirit of seeking truth and being down to earth, the spirit of keeping pace with the times, the spirit of being people-oriented and the spirit of being innovative.Marxism and Mao Zedong Thought are the theoretic basis of the development of CPC's ruling idea, summarizing the rise and decline of socialism is the international experience foundation of the development of CPC's ruling idea, modernization drive and reform and opening up is the domestic practical foundation of the development of CPC's ruling idea and responding to the new challenge of the times is the environmental driving force of the development of CPC's ruling idea.The approach through which the ruling idea of CPC can be realized and the guarantee of the ruling idea of CPC are changing the ruling idea into ruling method, changing the ruling idea into ruling system, changing the ruling idea into ruling capability and changing the ruling idea into the construction of the ruling party.
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