Analysis Of Institutional Systems Of Government Decision Making

Starting from the deep social reform in China and the county's practical demand and being based upon the theories of Marxism, this paper has made a comprehensive study on the institutional systems of government decision making. The study are closely bound to the goal of building a government that is committed to service, accountability and the rule of law, and has drawn experiences in this regard from other countries over the world. In the paper, the historical background, general concepts, general framework, general principle, general requirements and general tasks of government decision making have been discussed. The paper has proposed relatively complete and practical solutions for building up Chinese system of government decision making and has made a deep study on some important issues. The paper is composed of 8 chapters.The first chapter introduces the essential questions to be discussed before the studying, defines the basic concepts such as government, decision, and institution. The basic status and approach of the study, the organization of the content of the paper, and the target, structure, fundamental theories bibliographical sources as well are all described in this chapter.The second chapter first gives the comments on related bibliographical sources. The core of the chapter is decision and institutional system. Influential western theories and achievements relating to the core topic are summarized, for example, theory of decision, theory of public choice, neo-institutionalism, and rent-seeking theory, theory of agents, information asymmetry theory, theories of the third-sectors etc. Divided into different stages, the development and changes of the China's system for government decision making since 1949 are also discussed in this chapter. According to this chapter, the idea to build up the institutional system of government decision making emerges with the country's development of economic construction, politics and the deepening reform of political infrastructures. It is the result of both the effort to improve the leadership and the governance of the Chinese Communist Party and to realize the rule by science, by democracy and by law, and is also the result of the legislating and regulating of political activities. Western theories on decision making are significant and valuable references for making up Chinese institutional structure, but are by no means what can be simply imported or followed. The fundamentals, structures and the progress of Chinese institutional system of government decision making must possess their Chinese characteristics.The third chapter studies comprehensively the details on government, decision and institutionalization, analyses the logical interrelation between government decision and institutional systems. The focus of the analysis is on main aspects, tasks and process of government decision making. With respect to the six steps of decision making (i.e. to discover the problem, to set up the target, to plan, to accept the plan, to implement the accepted plan and to verify the decision), the main aspects are concluded and the institutional requirements and choices are described. From the four perspectives i.e. politic, economy, the globe and interest-stockholder, the factors that impact the institutional systems has been discussed. This chapter has also proposed the basic principles to be followed when building up China's institutional systems of government decision making.To meet the basic requirements of the science, the democratization, and the regularization of government decision making, and for the goal of setting up the scientifically directed, democratized, regularized and completed institutional systems of government decision making, this chapter 4 has proposed and described a possible model framework for setting up institutional systems of government decision making in China. The proposed institutional structure is composed of nine concrete systems: 1) public declaration system 2) public hearings system 3) advisory system 4) verification and evaluation system 5) voting system 6) information feedback system 7) supervision and auditing system 8) amending and improvement system 9) responsibility and punishment system. These systems are separately described briefly in this chapter. It is also studied the coherence and interactions between these systems. To design a framework for institutional systems of government decision making, it is necessary to take into account the coupling effects between different systems so that the harmony and coordination is realized.Chapter 5 analyses the primary conditions for the development of China's institutionalization of government decision making, discusses possible approaches and problems in such development. The effort to construct the institutional system since 1978 is thoroughly reviewed, the conclusion of which shows the main achievements in China, demonstrates the points to be improved. This chapter discusses also the cost of the institutional system, effects caused by defective system and misunderstandings that may block the development of the institutional system. It is believed that basic requirements of the science, the democratization, and the regularization of government decision making is the inevitable and irreversible trend. It is not an easy thing for China to make up in very short time its institutional system of government decision making. The construction of an institutional system causes important cost, it is important to minimize any risk. Insisting on seeking truth from facts, making progress with time will be the key to combine the construction of the institutional system and the progressing reform in China. The persistent leadership of the CCP is the prerequisite of the success.Chapter 6 has analyzed the essential elements and conditions to assure the institutional systems of government decision making, and discusses complementary relation between systems as well as the potential space for the development of the institutional systems. The analysis is made in four perspectives i.e. the assurance of politics, legislation, society and finance.Chapter 7 gives a brief description on the investigation of USA's mechanism of government decision making and Canadian Audit Advisory system and introduces a research on institutional systems of the Labor Party UK. Such comparisons among typical market-economy countries can show us advantages and lessons in this regard, and are constructive to China's construction of institutional systems of government decision making.The eighth chapter is the thorough conclusion of the main and new points of the paper. Difficulties and weak aspects of this research are detailed here. Two future considerations and the possible suggestions are thus proposed for further researches on China's institutional systems of government decision making.