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On Deng Xiaoping's Theory Of Development Based On Productivity

Posted on:2009-08-31Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:L C ZhangFull Text:PDF
GTID:1116360245964476Subject:Marxist theory and ideological and political education
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
Through the attempted analysis of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development, this thesis forms the following points of view.I. Ideological Ground of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook of Development The formation of any great creative ideological theory must result from a philosophical revolution. The same as the historical materialism established by Marx and Engels, Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development completes a significant philosophical revolution at the first. As is known to all, Marxism has undergone a great radical transformation in thinking method before it evolves into a new theoretical system. Breaking through the tradition of former German classical philosophy represented by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and inheriting the main ideas of Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach's materialistic philosophy, Marx and Engels develop Marxism about human liberation. The fact that Marxism stems from philosophical field is not accidental, since any revolution in ideology or the appearance of any new theory and philosophical proposition can be traced back to philosophical sphere. New explanation principle of thinking method will be formed in the process of ideological revolution, which itself presents the revolution of philosophical concept. Thus Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development is essentially a change of philosophical concept, i.e. without revolution in philosophical concept, there will not be clear and solid foundation for new thinking theory and proposition in the depth of the soul.II. Essential Illustration of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development is firstly a theory of the historical progression of human society in the aspect of its theoretical nature. With the succession of the basic principle of historical evolution of human society in classical Marxism, it takes the standpoint of continual progression of human society to the goal of communism. In order to realize socialism, Contemporary China must implement the principle of"taking economic construction as the center"which demands further liberation and development of productivity. Therefore, the core of Deng's outlook is developing productivity. Of course, it needs to be emphasized that drawing attention to the development of productivity doesn't mean all. Productivity is not the whole of social progress bur one of its bases. Deng's outlook on development is either economic determinism nor productivity determinism.Deng Xiaoping's Outlook is in essence the thought of"establishing socialism with Chinese characteristics"from the angle of China's social development. It is the guide of how to build Socialism and moreover how to realize communism under the specific conditions of present China. Combining Marxist general belief and Chinese practical circumstances, it solves the great realistic problem of how to achieve socialism. Therefore, it is the answer to how to realize socialism with Chinese characteristics.Deng Xiaoping's Outlook is in essence the concrete theoretical presence of international communist movement in China under international background. It provides solutions for the problems arising in international communist movement, such as how to hold communist ideal, how to push the international communist movement to go forward.III. Main Content of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on DevelopmentDeng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development realizes a"socialistic economic switch", which marks the establishment of Deng's outlook vice versa. The criticism on the ideology of"Cultural Revolution"signifies the beginning of a new outlook on development, which points to the economic construction of socialism and ascertains the principle of economy priority. Dent's outlook if to solve the problem of China's social development, whose nature is socialism and communism. How to understand the essence of socialism determines the nature of Deng's outlook, the illustration of which forms one of its most important contents. In a sense, the outlook on development is to answer"what's socialism"and"how to establish socialism". Taking economic construction as the direct object of development demands reasonable understanding of the internal relationship hidden in the nature of socialism. The question if there is consistency between developing economy and productivity and the nature of socialism must be answered, since the classical communism is realized through the means of"class struggle", whereas the core of socialistic course now has been shifted into economic construction. Does this mean a distraction to the nature of socialism? To eliminate the doubt, Deng Xiaoping reinterprets the nature of socialism. He holds that"common prosperity"is the nature of socialism, and in this way he relates them closely and ascertains the new outlook on development with"economic construction as the center". Thus, the reinterpretation of the nature of socialism constitutes an important part of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development.In addition, the idea of an outlook on development is also revealed by the means of"how to develop". Deng Xiaoping makes it clear that reformation is the general term which is a highly condense expression of all other methods to develop socialistic economy. He once argues,"We regard reformation as a type of revolution."Here"reformation"refers to the change of political and economic regulations with an aim to develop productivity, mainly including the three aspects of economic system, political system and technological system. Reformation is the general and practical content of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development.IV. Ultimate Goal of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on DevelopmentThe ultimate goal of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development is communism. However, communism is not an empty theory, but should be based on the practical materialistic production. Therefore, the first link of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development, i.e., to establish socialism with Chinese characteristics, is to set up a realistic foundation for human beings'entering the stage of communism. The key to understand the ultimate goal of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development is to learn why it needs to go back to the basis of practical material life. Deng Xiaoping doesn't suppose the goal as the result of pure"class struggle,"but involves it into the real economic life of human beings. Deng Xiaoping advocates many a time to stick to communist ideal and to foster communist moral beliefs on the basis of a highly developed productivity. The prosperity of social material wealth is the premise of realizing communism.In the meanwhile, taking communist ideal as a moral belief, Deng Xiaoping doesn't interpret it on the basis of abstract humanity. He puts forwards the idea of"Cultivating a New Generation of People with Lofty Ideals, Moral Integrity, Good Education and a Strong Sense of Discipline"which is the concrete requirement of communist ideal and its enrichment and development. Besides, the emphasis on socialistic spiritual civilization construction, such as the theory of"Addressing both Material and Spiritual Civilizations Simultaneously without any Letup", etc., is also Deng Xiaoping's contribution to the ultimate goal of communism.V. Influences of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development on the Contemporary Human-Oriented Scientific Development OutlookThe influence of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development on the contemporary Outlook on Human-Oriented Scientific Development is mainly reflected in three aspects. Firstly, Outlook on Human-Oriented Scientific Development brings the human existence crisis into the evaluation system on the basis of Deng's theory as the problem turns so prominent that contemporary development theory must not ignore it. The socialistic economic construction must consider economic growth and the difficult existence situation led by it at the same time. Secondly, the relationship between man and nature is taken into the evaluation system of scientific development on the basis of Deng's theory. The development of human society can't be evaluated simply from inside, but also from the angle of companionship between man and nature. Since environment is the necessary condition for human existence, the harmony between them is one important index to social development. Finally, scientific development theory brings forward the basic principle of"human orientation". The ultimate goal of development is about man. Development doesn't mean pure economic growth or the successive satisfaction of material profits, but the comprehensive and free perfection of man. Therefore, taking"human orientation"as the core principle of contemporary scientific development outlook is a significant progress and affluence of Deng Xiaoping's Outlook on Development.
Keywords/Search Tags:Deng Xiaoping, Productivity, Development, Science Development
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