The Construction Of Modern Country And The Rural Women's Political Participation

From the point of view of the national construction, Yu County, Henan province, has adopted the demonstrational research method to apprehend and analyze the whole process, mechanism and hardness of conforming the country women, and observed the historical course of original, development and diversification of women participation in recent century under the macroscopical background of Chinese historical transformation since the 2oth century. On this basis,further analyze the internal logic between the national construction behavior and rural women action during public motion.Full text is divided into three parts, namely Introduction, body and conclusion,and the body has three chapters in total.The first chapter attaches more importance to the historical changes of the absorbing strategy the country adopted, that is, how to absorb the rural women whom far from the politics into the whole systems on the basis of what theories and which systems, laws and policies do the country adopt. The article takes Yu county's liberation and reform and openness as boundary, divides one hundred years of history into three periods, namely, the late Qing Dynasty Republic period , land reform and collectivization period, and the period of reform and opening up. This article holds that, in the late Qing Dynasty Republic period, The country is to integrate a woman with the "citizen" idea, entrusts with the woman the abstract civil rights qualifications, and attempts to establish political power organization system which absorb women, But these designs only pause in the system stratification, implements by no means,, therefore this is one kind of representation buying in; in land reform and collectivization period, the country has established the peasant association and the people's commune system separately, absorption mechanism of this period appears to equal and open, but is actually set up on the "masses" basic concepts of the "obligation to light the rights, the right which the law stipulates and the right which the woman can enjoy actually is not coordinate, and the division of the social class ingredient also repels some women outside the political system ; After reform and opening up.country integrates women with "citizen" concept and builds the villagers self-government mechanisms which allows women's participation,makes woman's participation right accomplish the unification arriving at practice from the form, which is one of the most open political buying.The second chapter mainly inspected historical vicissitude of woman organization which country constructs. In this paper, the evolution of the women organizations in the process divides into initiation, root, mutation and transformation of four stages. Rural women's organizations sprout in the revolutionary war age, derive from the regime and political party structures, and it is set up by the process of the KMT and the CPC "regime to the countryside" and "political parties to the countryside", When it is rooted in rural society, the political party system of government should be more dependent on strong colors, its behavior also is mainly obedient, fundamentally speaking, women organization which is in the country's political system is a dependent of his organization rather than self-organization of autonomous growth.. In recent years, along with the construction of a modern democratic country and the growth of social independent force, the Congress of Women have their own internal role consciousness of independent motion, however, the structure attribute of the party system has not changed, they only have ideas but no action. At the same time, some endogenous organizations for women which base on the benefit demand also gradually sprout, become the new point of growth of women organization. In addition, this article also inquires into the background, the reason ane the process of Family Planing Committee which the Congress of Women alienates.The third chapter accentuates the historical transformation on the political participative behavior of women. The thesis figures out the characteristics, issues and evolvement traces of women participation in recent a century from two aspects which are the statistical data and representative illustrations. There were a few women elites who joined in the revolutionary undertaking by crushing the family chains in the epoch of revolution. But in this regard, many of them were still in the predicament of political inhospitality. From these characteristics, principal parts of them were poor women and the relatives of the revolutionaries. The participation manner was ethical revolution not the democracy and the primary motivation were to remodel the self-fulfillment situation which attributed to the mobilization style not the self-determination. In the period of land reform and collectivity, professedly, women took part in the national activities on a large scale and women elites occupied main position in some extent in terms of the rural power systems. But, substantially, their conducts still belonged to the non- self-determination. The roots were that the nation conformed the conducts of women through political compulsively not the democracy. As far as the participant concerned, the leading factors that droved them to join in were the scared mind fearing been battled, the inducement of economical benefit, the competitive attitudes of getting ahead and the spiritual summons of social ideal. The self-independence, rational and order of women participation enhanced until the opening up. But the scope appeared to shrink. There was no exterior pressure of participation for women because of the nation released the compulsive control for the countryside. The relationship between women and the group benefit departed and the motivation of joining in the country politics was insufficient after the policy of family contract. They were in the weak position in the political competitive by reason of women owned limited land resources. On all accounts, from the point of view of the historical changes, the scales of country women's participation in politics have experienced the process of ups and downs. The trend of arrangement is from periphery into the core gradually. The mode of participation evolves from motivation to self-independence slowly. Besides, the text discloses the original mechanism and characteristics of women elites from different era by using some representative stuff.In the ending part, the author summarizes and discusses the chart changes and logistical relationships of national construction and women participation. The article convinces that the nation plays an important role in the process of women participation since the 20^th century. The situation of women transfers from the field of traditional family into the modern public life attributes to the promotion of the national power. The remarkable symbol is that the status of women participation contact tightly with the national construction. In the war years, the nation failed to absorb women into the politics systems which accounted for lacking of conform ability although it had the consciousness. In the phase of the national establishment and the opening-up, the construction of nation-state exceeded the construction of democracy-state. The nation adopted compellable measures to conform women which resulted that many of them involved passively in politics systems on a large scale. The nation attached more importance to the democracy -state construction through democratic methods since the opening up, therefore, the self-determination of women participation increased although in the smaller scale.