Research On Higher Education Structure Of China In Views Of Institution

The rational and optimal structure of higher education is the urgent needs, which Chinese participation in international competition, achieving power construction of higher education and the promotion of sustainable economic and social development, but also urgent needs to promote the diversified development of higher education. The structural imbalances, unequal distribution of resources and faint social influence and so on, that occur in mass process of Chinese higher education, are the barriers to effect and restrict economic and social sustainable development and healthy development of higher education itself. Therefore, the subject on higher education structure seems to be particularly important under the background of power construction of higher education, to help us deepen the understanding of essence and nature of the structural changes, to cause us more rational thought for problems in the structure, to produce certain guiding and referential significance for the future higher education structure of China.The research is for further elaboration and analysis in related problems on the structure of higher education, it is based on the national project of the optimization of Chinese higher education's structure and used the system of institutional change theory and institutional isomorphism theory. Which elaborated on the process on China's higher education structure changes by applying the theory of institutional change and summarized the main forces, institutional change types and characteristics among it. On the basis of analysis of the current problems on the structure of higher education in the ten years of the enrollment expansion use theory of institutional isomorphism theory to the analysis of the causes of these problems, and finally set out the existing difficulties in the path of higher education in China from the three main building structures of government, market and university. The research is based on the use of systems analysis, policy analysis method, history comparative analysis and qualitative and quantitative analysis. Researches are as follows,①The changes of the higher education structure in China among60th(1949-2008) followed the reform and innovation in higher education system from beginning to end, these institutional arrangements have had a significant impact on the structure of higher education. It can be said that history on higher education structure changes is a history of institutional change in higher education.②Changes of system environments and itself system of higher education are two important variables to promote higher education structure changes in China. However, because of differences in institutional environment, the three stakeholders'power comparison among government, University and market has obvious differences, and a clear division of power occured between the Central Government and local governments under market economy conditions. It is to be noted that, regardless of what system environment, it cannot deny the basic fact, that is,"structural change is led by the Government's system changes mode".③Under the influence of the external environment, structure of higher education presents a variety of institutional change types, it is undergoing a transformation of the economic system, changes of higher education management system and vicissitudes of a number of important State policy.④Structure change of higher education in China is dominated by top down process of forced system change associated with induced institutional change, is based on progressive reforms as the main line of the process of institutional change, is led by the Government, seeking social recognition processes of institutional change.⑤In ten years of the enrollment, the explosion highlights of the scale of higher education prominent the higher education structural convergence, the unequal resources distribution and of and weak social adaptability and lead, and so on. Use the theory of institutional peer to analyze the question of higher education structure, it can be concluded that mandatory mechanism, mechanism of imitating mechanisms and social norms are important institutional causes of these problems.Finally, according to the study, I propose the policy advice how to go away the existing difficulties from the three main body of government, market and university.