| I. The Purpose and Significance of ResearchThe decline of hemoglobin, related to exercise training, existed actually during athletic training process. It is an important factor to effect the exercise capacity and the elevation of athletic performance. However, the mechanism of athletic anemia and decline of hemoglobin remains still a difficult and unresolved problem which attracts the regard in the field of sports medicine.In this research the mechanism of exercise induced injury of RBC, a topic with certain difficulty, was selected. This topic is based on the advanced concept of cell biology and the application of molecular biological technique. It is focused on the influence of exercise and anti-oxidant on the oxidative stress-state of blood and the senility of RBC and their correlation. Standing on above mentioned new point, the mechanism of injured RBC was studied. This research was designed otherwise to provide a foundation for replenishing certain theory of sports hematology and athletic anemia and to search the remedies for resolving athletic hemoglobin declination.II. The Contents of Research(The full text is divided into four parts)Part one: The influence of exercise training and anti-oxidant on erythropoiesis and senility ofmurine RBCFirst of all three kinds of animal models, a single unaerobic exercise, aerobic duration training and unaerobic intermittent training, were established. With these models the related acute exercise, small period and gradually increased loading duration training and small period and gradually increased loading unaerobic intermittent training were performed respectively. In these experiments the investigations included the mechanism of mini-injured RBC induced by exercise training, the influence of anti-oxidant on oxidative stress status of blood an erythropoiesis and senility of RBC and the effect and mechanism of an anti-oxidant PX protecting RBC against oxidative damage.Part two: The distribution of RBC parameters and their dynamic changes in blood of athletes during trainingWith advanced blood automatic analyzer, in 876 athletic volunteers of more than 10 teams from Guangdong Province, 6 indices of blood RBC were tested and a part ofthese athletes accepted also the dynamic monitor for one year. These offered the valuable reference data for establishing normal reference value of RBC parameter, the diagnostic standard of athletic anemia and the individual scaling method of hemoglobin in athletes of our nation.Part three: The influence of exercise on oxidative stress-state of blood, morphology of RBC and its Intracellular element componentsThe experiments were combined firstly and closely with specialized teams of the athletes volunteers. A quantitative unaerobic training method should be established in laboratory to ensure the relative consistency between the exercise loading and the exercise intensity. In experiment the changes of multiple oxidative stress indices and senility parameter of RBC were studied. The morphologic quantitative analysis of RBC was performed simultaneously with advanced image analysis system. Under scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis EDXA, the shape of a single RBC and its intracellular content of chemical elements were synchronously investigated. Through comprehensive analysis of above mentioned multiple indices the relation between exercise, oxidative stress-state of blood, RBC morphology and RBC senility and the mechanism of exercise induced mini-injury of RBC were explored. Part four: The effect of anti-oxidant PX on the oxidation and reduction of blood and the membranous components of RBCExperiments in vitro have confirmed PX bearing apparent activity to protect RBC from oxidative injury. This research has designed to observe mainly the influence of PX on blood oxidation and reduction states of sportsmen, on senility of RBC and on natural aging process of RBC in vitro before and after exercise. Furthermore, the mechanism of anti-oxidant being able to protect RBC of spor...
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