| The household contract management system of rural land changes the agricultural organization form, converting collective production into household production. With the establishment of China's market economy system, a rural household becomes a relatively independent economic entity, which is a disadvantaged entity in the whole economy system but it controls rural fundamental production resources. Meanwhile, the organization and mobilization capacity of rural grass-roots organizations has weakened due to the loss of resource control and the change of collective economy. The accelerated industrialization and urbanization has sped up the outflow of agricultural production factors, resulting in decrepit infrastructure, weak industry, and slack grass-roots organizations and farmers. Consequently, the village-region economy has plunged into the vicious circle of the slow rise and deficiency of organization and mobilization capacity. A village-region, the smallest unit of regional economy, is the carrier for developing modern agriculture and advancing the new socialist countryside construction. The development of village-region economy can effectively and directly increase farmers'income, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, make farmers rich, coordinate interpersonal relationship in rural communities, and improve farmers'happiness and senses of belonging. Working deep in the research about the relevance between the village-region economic development and the organization and mobilization capacity of a village has theoretical significance and practical value for promoting the development of rural economy and rural governance.1. Main Research Content(1) Defining the village-level organizational system and its functional goals, organization structure, and economic and social attributesBy tracking the village formation history and comparing administrative organizational systems in different countries, this paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the village-level organizational systems at home and abroad. After analyzing the evolution of administrative villages since the foundation of the state, this study summarizes the social, political, administrative, and economic attributes of administrative villages. After collecting and analyzing related national laws and regulations, the paper defines the functional goals and organization structure of village-level organizational systems. Based on the analysis of connotation, type, and characteristics of the village-region economy, this study demonstrates the position and role of the village-region economy in the rural economic development.(2) Researching the connotation, foundation, subject and object, means, mechanism, type of the organization and mobilization capacity for the village-region economic developmentAdopting sociology principles, the author defines the connotation of the organization and mobilization capacity and uses the definition in the economics research paradigm and specifies it in the village-region economic development. By analyzing the history and present status of Chinese rural economic and social development, this paper studies the requirement of the organization and mobilization capacity in the current village-region economic development and provides main basis. After analyzing the formation of rural organizations and residents, this study proposes the subject and object for the organization and mobilization in the village-region economic development. By analyzing the characteristics of related subject and object, this paper explores the means, mechanism, and type of the organization and mobilization capacity in village-region economic development.(3) Exploring the intrinsic connection between the village-region economic development and the organization and mobilization capacityAfter conducting a comprehensive survey, which involves the population and resource changes, employment change, agricultural infrastructure construction, industrial development (including the traditional industry transformation and the new industry development), economic development level, farmers'income, village public services, and the last two village party branches, village committees, and villager autonomy committees during2000-2009, in the219villages (communities) in Qianjiang district, Chongqing Municipality, this paper explores the relevance and intrinsic mechanism between the village-region economic development and the organization and mobilization capacity of the Qianjiang district, and this paper also measures the relationship between the village-region economic development and the organization and mobilization capacity by using econometric models.(4) Looking for a solution to enhance the organization and mobilization capacity during the village-region economic developmentAfter analyzing the relevance between the village-region economic development and the organization and mobilization capacity and studying characteristics of different organization and mobilization subjects, this paper demonstrates that it is urgent to strengthen the construction of village committee and village party branch; it is important to give full play to the organization and mobilization capacity of the village committee and the village party branch; it is necessary to strengthen the guidance, supervision, and incentive to the village committee and village party branch; it is inevitable to focus on utilizing and integrating the capacities of multiple organizations and mobilization subjects; and it is possible and effective to promote village-region economic development and form a competition situation, and then this paper proposes the corresponding countermeasures. 2. Main Research Conclusions(1) The village-level organizational system is the most important basic hierarchy in rural areas. The functional goals of administrative villages are to implement policies and guidelines made by the Party and the government in rural areas, manage village public affairs, mediate conflicts and disputes, protect villagers'legal rights, provide public goods and public services, create a better life and better production conditions, develop the village-region economy, increase rural residents'income, and construct a new socialist countryside. The organization structure of an administrative village is composed of a village party branch, a village committee, and a village autonomy committee. An administrative village has different attributes:socially, it is the basic unit of the rural society; politically, it is the villager autonomy area; administratively, it is the lowest hierarchy of the government administrative framework in the rural areas; and economically, it is a micro economic zone.(2) The village-region economy is the foundation and support of the rural economy. In the new countryside construction, the village-region economy is the subject; in the traditional agricultural transformation and modern agriculture development, it is the main battlefield; in the rural social civilization and ecological environment construction, it is in a security status. The village-region economy plays an irreplaceable role in several aspects, such as the rural community infrastructure construction, public goods and public services for rural communities, rural resource integration, external resource introduction, internal and external resource exploration and utilization, rural industry development, and the rural economy development subject reconstruction.(3) Organization and mobilization are objective requirements for developing the village-region economy. The organization and mobilization refer to the behavior of an organization or an individual to achieve certain goals by using legal, administrative, economic and ideological means to lead a group to participate in economic and social development. The organization and mobilization for the village-region economic development include a plan of the village-region economic development, the integration of resources and factors, the creation of development conditions, the collaboration of production and operating activities and coordination of villagers'economic interests. The organization and mobilization are essential for integrating resources and factors in a village and they are also prerequisites for the village-region economy development. In addition, the organization and mobilization capacity is required for creating development conditions for the village-region economy, for traditional agriculture transformation, for modern agriculture development, and for raising farmer's income. The main subjects for organization and mobilization are village party branch, village committee, and village autonomy committee (quasi-administrative organizations), economic organizations, and social organizations, and the objects are villagers. Organizing and mobilizing villagers must use the legal, administrative, economic and ideological means. Besides, the mechanisms include administrative order, benefit induction, model-driven and complex mechanisms. To distinguish the means based on the goal, the paper divides the means into five types, including responsibility-fulfillment, encouragement and competition, self-fulfillment, project-driven and social assistance.(4) The organization and mobilization capacity is an important factor for developing the village-region economy. Good organization and mobilization capacity can contribute in many aspects:promoting infrastructure construction and improving conditions for the village-region economy development; advancing the integration of resources and factors and optimizing the village-region economy structure; promoting the application and extension of advanced technologies and boosting the transformation of traditional agriculture and development of modern agriculture; strengthening the association and cooperation between farmers, improving the systemization degree of village-region economy, and furthering the development of specialized production; promoting the development of modern service industry in rural communities and providing financial, production and marketing services for village-region economy; enhancing the resources and environment management and scientifically and reasonably utilizing village resources to ensure that ecological environment can be protected and improved.(5) The village committee and village Party branch are core forces to organize and mobilize villagers to develop the village-region economy. As the most grass-roots organizations in China's political framework, the village committee and village Party branch act partly on behalf of the town government and Party committee, possessing certain political, administrative, organizational resources, and social resources as well. In the period of stronger collective economy or the financial support is adequate for agriculture and rural development, they even obtain some kind of economic resources. Therefore, their organization and mobilization capacity is much stronger than other entities and they should be the core forces to organize and mobilize villagers to develop village-region economy.(6) Multiple organization and mobilization capacities in developing village-region economy must be integrated and collaborated. The following capacities, including the organization and mobilization capacity of village committee and village Party branch, the organization and mobilization capacity of heterogeneous fanners in villages, the organization and mobilization capacity of transplanting external economic and social organizations into the villages, and the extension of the organization and mobilization capacity of town Party committee and governments, show an obvious relationship of mutual promotion and complementation and can play a greater role if necessary integration and collaboration are made.3. Innovation Points of the Research(1) The study shows that the administrative village is not only the basic social unit and the smallest autonomous unit in rural areas, but also an independent and open micro economic zone. Its organizations, village committee and village Party branch, should not only bear the responsibility of social management in village, but also fulfill the development of village-region economy, which is a supplement to Organic Law of the Villagers Committees of the People's Republic of China enacted in 2010.(2) The study shows that the development of the village-region economy still relies on efficient organization and mobilization in the market economy. Only through scattered efforts of each farmer is it very difficult to improve development conditions and to integrate resources and factors, which is unfavorable to structure adjustment and advanced technology application. Only by organizing and mobilizing scattered farmers, can the vitality of village be aroused to speed up the development of village-region economy.(3) The study shows that the organization and mobilization entities for developing village-region economy tend to be diversified with the economic and social development in rural areas. The central role of village committee and village Party branch must be fully played, at the same, the integration and collaboration of multiple organization and mobilization forces must be strengthened to form an enormous joint force for the development of the village-region economy.4. Problems to Be Studied Further(1)The entrustment relationship in organization and mobilization between town government and village committee and village Party branch must be specifically studied.(2)The behavior boundary for organization and mobilization needs to be further divided.
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